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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 25)

1
Which component is used in a loudspeaker to convert electrical signals into sound?
Answer
(C)
Cone
2
In a lighting system with an embedded system, which of the following is an example of an *output*?
Answer
(D)
The lights turning on or off.
3
Which of these components are present in a Resistive touchscreen?
Answer
(C)
A layer of transparent electrode layer.
4
In the context of street lighting control, the light sensor provides data that changes based on:
Answer
(C)
Sunlight
5
Which technology allows a computer to run more applications or handle larger data sets than its physical RAM would otherwise permit?
Answer
(C)
Virtual Memory
6
What is a MAC address used for?
Answer
(B)
Uniquely identifying a device on a local network.
7
What type of memory is best for storing the operating system when the computer is turned off?
Answer
(D)
HDD
8
What is the significance of the MAC address?
Answer
(D)
It is unique to each device and used on a local network.
9
In the context of cloud storage, what is meant by the term 'redundancy'?
Answer
(A)
The duplication of data across multiple servers.
10
In the context of 3D printing, what does the term "additive manufacturing" primarily refer to?
Answer
(B)
Building an object layer by layer.
11
What is the type of printing technology that uses nozzles?
Answer
(A)
Inkjet
12
What is the purpose of the actuator arm in a hard drive?
Answer
(B)
To position the read/write heads
13
What is the primary purpose of the embedded system in a security system?
Answer
(C)
To receive information from sensors and react accordingly.
14
What does 'LAN' stand for in networking?
Answer
(B)
Local Area Network
15
What is the primary function of an SSD's controller?
Answer
(C)
To manage flash memory and the file system.
16
What is the primary advantage of SRAM over DRAM?
Answer
(B)
Faster access speeds
17
How does the use of virtual memory benefit a computer system?
Answer
A
C
18
Which of the following best describes a hybrid cloud?
Answer
(C)
A combination of public and private cloud environments.
19
What are the advantages of storing your data in the cloud? (Select two)
Answer
A
B
20
Which of the following is an example of an I/O interface?
Answer
(C)
A USB port
21
What is a potential advantage of using a laser printer over an inkjet printer?
Answer
(C)
Faster printing speed.
22
Which of the following factors does NOT influence how lighting is controlled by an embedded system in a lighting system?
Answer
(D)
The type of light bulbs used.
23
What does the microphone convert sounds into?
Answer
(A)
Electrical current.
24
What is the primary function of a capacitor in a DRAM chip?
Answer
(A)
To store bits of information (0 or 1).
25
What is the function of a network interface card (NIC)?
Answer
(B)
To connect a device to a network.
26
What type of scanner is best suited for creating 3D models?
Answer
(C)
3D scanner
27
Which of the following are key advantages of OLED over LED technology?
Answer
A
B
28
What is the purpose of the accumulator?
Answer
(C)
To store the results of calculations.
29
In computer systems, what is the function of virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
To allow more programs to run than physical RAM allows.
30
What does the barcode system do when an item runs low?
Answer
(B)
The product is reordered.
31
What does the term MAC address refer to?
Answer
(A)
Media Access Control address
32
Which component manages the flow of data within the CPU?
Answer
(B)
The Control Unit
33
What happens in a thermal bubble (used in inkjet printers)?
Answer
(A)
Ink is heated and vaporized creating a bubble that ejects ink
34
What is the role of the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)?
Answer
(B)
To define the instructions that a CPU can execute.
35
What are two main types of wired network cables?
Answer
A
C
36
What happens to the electric current produced by a microphone?
Answer
(A)
It is amplified and sent to a recording device.
37
Which of the following is a benefit of an optical mouse over a mechanical mouse?
Answer
(C)
It is more reliable.
38
What is the role of the red light in the optical mouse?
Answer
(C)
To illuminate the surface.
39
What type of memory is used to store the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)?
Answer
(B)
ROM
40
What are the two main types of RAM technology?
Answer
(A)
SRAM and DRAM
41
What is the purpose of a DNS server?
Answer
(B)
To translate domain names into IP addresses.
42
What are some of the functions of an embedded system in a car?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
43
What are some advantages of using cache memory?
Answer
A
C
44
What is the function of the diaphragm in a microphone?
Answer
(B)
To convert sound waves into electrical signals.
45
What is an example of a disadvantage of cloud storage?
Answer
(C)
Data security concerns.
46
What are two benefits of cloud storage? (Select two)
Answer
B
C
47
What is the purpose of the 'refresh' process in DRAM?
Answer
(B)
To prevent data loss by re-charging the capacitors.
48
Which layer is the conductive layer in the capacitive touch screen composed of?
Answer
(B)
A flexible transparent coating.
49
What key component is responsible for translating logical addresses into physical addresses in a computer's memory system?
Answer
(C)
MMU
50
Which types of storage are classified as secondary storage?
Answer
B
C