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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 24)

1
In the context of data transmission speed, what is 'bandwidth' primarily referring to?
Answer
(B)
The maximum rate of data transfer over a network or connection.
2
Which part of an inkjet printer sprays the ink?
Answer
(B)
The print head.
3
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Control Unit?
Answer
(D)
Performing arithmetic calculations.
4
How does an SSD typically store data?
Answer
(C)
In flash memory chips.
5
Which physical components store data on a traditional hard drive (HDD)?
Answer
(C)
Platters
6
Which component is responsible for the 'boot-up' instructions in a computer?
Answer
(C)
ROM
7
In a lighting system with an embedded system, what are the inputs that influence the lighting control?
Answer
A
B
C
8
Which of the following is NOT a touch screen technology mentioned?
Answer
(D)
Acoustic
9
Which of the following is NOT a typical input device?
Answer
(C)
Monitor
10
In a security system, what type of sensor might be used to detect a broken window?
Answer
(A)
Acoustic sensor
11
What is converted into electrical signals in a microphone?
Answer
(A)
Sound waves
12
What is the primary disadvantage associated with the use of virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
Slowdowns due to excessive swapping (thrashing).
13
Which component of a digital camera processes information from the image sensor?
Answer
(D)
The ADC.
14
Which of the following is used in the 3D scanning process?
Answer
(C)
Laser light
15
What is the minimum storage capacity of a dual layer blu-ray disc?
Answer
(B)
50 GB
16
Which of the following are advantages of using a static IP address?
Answer
(A)
Easier to manage for servers and websites
17
What component in a loudspeaker generates the magnetic field?
Answer
(B)
The magnet
18
Which of the following is a feature of the Von Neumann architecture?
Answer
(B)
Instructions and data stored in the same memory space.
19
In the central heating system example, what does the temperature sensor provide?
Answer
(C)
Data on the current temperature.
20
What are some disadvantages of static IP addresses?
Answer
A
D
21
What are some disadvantages of an LCD projector?
Answer
(A)
Lower native contrast ratio than DLP projectors.
22
In an SSD, which component is responsible for managing the data storage and retrieval on the flash memory?
Answer
(C)
Controller
23
What are the primary components involved in storing data on an HDD?
Answer
(B)
Platters and read/write heads.
24
In a digital camera, what happens to the analog electric charges?
Answer
(B)
They are converted to binary information to be stored.
25
Which of the following best describes 'slicing' in the context of 3D printing?
Answer
(B)
Dividing the 3D model into thin horizontal layers.
26
What is the difference between twisted pair and fiber optic cables?
Answer
(D)
Twisted pair uses electrical signals, fiber optic uses light signals and is less susceptible to interference.
27
What component in a modern computer converts a logical address into a physical memory address?
Answer
(C)
Memory Management Unit (MMU)
28
What is the function of a floating gate in flash memory?
Answer
(B)
To store the charge that represents data.
29
What is the main risk associated with using cloud storage?
Answer
(C)
Data security concerns
30
Which of the following is considered primary memory?
Answer
B
C
31
What is the primary function of the Program Counter (PC)?
Answer
(B)
To hold the address of the next instruction.
32
In central heating systems, what action is taken if the temperature reading is below the preset value?
Answer
(C)
A signal is sent to the heater.
33
Which of the following components physically stores data on a traditional HDD?
Answer
(C)
Platters
34
How does a network interface card (NIC) allow a computer to connect to a network?
Answer
(B)
By assigning a MAC address.
35
If the barcode is not read, what does the checkout system check for?
Answer
(B)
The product code is entered manually.
36
What is the main advantage of using fiber optic cables over copper cables?
Answer
(C)
Higher bandwidth and less interference
37
What are the advantages of using a QR code?
Answer
A
B
38
In a microphone, what does the electric current output resemble?
Answer
(C)
An analogue signal.
39
What is the primary function of RAM (Random Access Memory)?
Answer
(C)
To store the data and instructions that the CPU is actively using.
40
Which of the following best describes a 'word' in a computer system?
Answer
(B)
A group of bits processed as a unit.
41
What is a disadvantage of capacitive touchscreens?
Answer
(C)
They can be affected by electromagnetic radiation.
42
What is a disadvantage of a hybrid cloud?
Answer
(B)
It's more expensive to manage and maintain.
43
Which of the following is a characteristic of OLED technology?
Answer
(C)
Emits its own light
44
What type of bus transmits control signals within a computer system?
Answer
(C)
Control bus
45
What is the primary function of the transfer roller in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To transfer the toner from the drum to the paper.
46
How does a resistive touch screen work?
Answer
(B)
Senses the pressure.
47
In a laser printer, what step occurs immediately after the toner is transferred to the paper?
Answer
(B)
The paper is heated by the fuser.
48
What type of printing process builds objects layer by layer, using a laser to fuse powdered material?
Answer
(C)
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
49
What type of code is the quick response (QR) code?
Answer
(B)
A 2D barcode.
50
Which printer technology uses nozzles?
Answer
(C)
Inkjet Printer