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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 23)

1
In cloud computing, what is the main advantage of redundancy?
Answer
(C)
Ensuring data availability and fault tolerance.
2
What is the purpose of 'slicing' in 3D printing?
Answer
(B)
To convert the 3D model into printable layers.
3
What does a computer use to recognize a scanned face?
Answer
(C)
Distance between the eyes
4
Which of the following is a major advantage of SSDs compared to HDDs?
Answer
(C)
Faster data access times
5
What is the advantage of using barcodes?
Answer
A
C
D
6
In a laser printer, which step usually comes *after* the toner is transferred to the paper by the transfer roller?
Answer
(B)
The paper passes through the fuser.
7
What is an example of an input device that the image highlights?
Answer
(C)
A barcode scanner
8
Which of the following is typically used to store the operating system's core files?
Answer
(B)
Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD)
9
What is the role of the control unit in a computer system?
Answer
(B)
To manage the flow of data and instructions within the CPU.
10
What is the final process performed on the electrical current of a microphone to make it ready to be processed by a computer?
Answer
(B)
Conversion to a digital format.
11
What is the key to the function of a DLP projector?
Answer
(A)
The use of mirrors.
12
What is the purpose of the Radio Access Layer (MAC) address in an NIC?
Answer
(B)
To uniquely identify the device on a network.
13
In the context of greenhouse control, what action might the system take if the humidity is below a certain level?
Answer
(C)
Spray water.
14
In the context of 3D printing, what does FDM stand for?
Answer
(A)
Fused Deposition Modeling
15
What does the 3D printing process mainly consist of?
Answer
(B)
Putting layers together.
16
What is the name of the process to change light into a digital image in a camera?
Answer
(A)
ADC (Analog to digital conversion).
17
What is a disadvantage of resistive touchscreens?
Answer
(D)
Lower touch sensitivity.
18
What is the primary function of a firewall?
Answer
(D)
To filter network traffic and prevent unauthorized access.
19
What is the purpose of the Interrupts?
Answer
(B)
To signal the CPU to stop the current process to handle a request.
20
In a DVD, what is the primary function of the spiral track?
Answer
(C)
To guide the laser head.
21
What is a key advantage of DLP projectors over LCD projectors?
Answer
(B)
They offer higher contrast ratios.
22
What is the role of the Memory Data Register (MDR) in the read operation from memory?
Answer
(B)
To store the data being read from memory.
23
What are some advantages of using cloud storage? (Select two)
Answer
B
C
24
Where are the barcodes commonly used?
Answer
(A)
In supermarkets.
25
What is the purpose of the address bus?
Answer
(A)
To carry the address of the memory location being accessed.
26
What is the main function of a computer tomography scanner?
Answer
(A)
To create a 3D image of a solid object.
27
Which technology is most closely associated with the instruction set architecture?
Answer
(B)
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
28
What is a benefit of an ergonomic keyboard?
Answer
(C)
It helps prevent repetitive strain injuries.
29
What is the function of the diaphragm inside a microphone?
Answer
(A)
To create an electrical current.
30
What does a microphone transform sound waves into?
Answer
(B)
Electrical signals
31
What type of technology does Bluetooth utilize for communication?
Answer
(B)
Radio waves
32
How is the resolution of an image determined in a DLP projector?
Answer
(C)
The number of micro-mirrors on the DMD chip.
33
Which element in a microphone is responsible for converting sound to electrical signals?
Answer
(B)
The diaphragm.
34
In the car embedded system example, what is an example of an *input*?
Answer
(D)
The interface panel buttons.
35
What is the key technology used in SSDs to store data?
Answer
(C)
Flash memory
36
What is the function of a sensor in a system?
Answer
(D)
To measure a physical property.
37
What is the primary advantage of projective capacitive touchscreens?
Answer
(C)
Multi-touch capability.
38
What is the significance of a MAC address?
Answer
(B)
It's the unique physical address of a network interface card.
39
What is the purpose of a DNS server?
Answer
(B)
To translate domain names into IP addresses.
40
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is best described as:
Answer
(C)
The primary component responsible for executing instructions.
41
What technology is used in OLED displays to create their own light?
Answer
(C)
Organic compounds
42
In a laser printer, how is the image formed?
Answer
(C)
A laser beam draws the image onto a drum.
43
What is an advantage of an ergonomic keyboard?
Answer
(B)
Prevents repetitive strain injuries.
44
What are the stages involved in printing using a laser printer?
Answer
A
B
D
45
What is the unique identifier assigned to a network interface card (NIC)?
Answer
(B)
MAC Address
46
What is the primary function of the Memory Management Unit (MMU)?
Answer
(B)
To translate logical addresses to physical addresses.
47
What type of information can be extracted from a scanned 3D image?
Answer
(C)
The shape.
48
In a digital camera, what are the cells of an image sensor made of?
Answer
(B)
Photosensitive materials.
49
Which technology is generally associated with more vibrant colors and deeper blacks in display screens?
Answer
(C)
OLED
50
What does the fuser unit in a laser printer do?
Answer
(B)
Melts the toner and bonds it to the paper.