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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 22)

1
Which feature is an advantage of DLP projectors?
Answer
(C)
Higher contrast.
2
What type of signal is used to read information from the memory?
Answer
(C)
Read Signal
3
What is an operand in the context of an instruction set?
Answer
(B)
The data or the location of the data the operation acts upon.
4
Which component of the CPU is responsible for fetching instructions?
Answer
(B)
Control Unit
5
What is the primary function of the DMD chip in a DLP projector?
Answer
(A)
To generate the image.
6
What is the primary method used by a 2D scanner?
Answer
(B)
Reading a paper document and converting it to an electronic format.
7
What is the main advantage of using a blue laser in Blu-ray discs compared to a red laser in DVDs?
Answer
(B)
Higher storage capacity.
8
Which device acts as a gateway between a LAN and the Internet?
Answer
(C)
Router
9
Which of the following are typically found in a CPU?
Answer
A
B
C
10
What is the main purpose of a router in a network?
Answer
(C)
To forward data packets between different networks.
11
What are the functions of a Router?
Answer
A
B
D
12
In the context of an embedded system in a vending machine, which component typically *outputs* information?
Answer
(C)
The LED display.
13
Which of the following best describes virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
A portion of the hard drive that is used as an extension of RAM.
14
What technology is used in 2D scanners to produce electronic forms?
Answer
(B)
Reading paper document and converting it to an electronic format
15
What is the function of the drum in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To apply an electrical charge that attracts toner.
16
Which term refers to the number of bits that a processor can process at one time?
Answer
(B)
Word size
17
In a barcode, what is the meaning of the width variations between the lines and spaces?
Answer
(B)
Representing different digits.
18
What is the primary difference between SRAM and DRAM?
Answer
(A)
SRAM uses flip-flops, DRAM does not.
19
In an optical mouse, which element emits light onto the surface?
Answer
(C)
LED
20
Which part of a loudspeaker vibrates to create sound?
Answer
(C)
The cone
21
Which of the following components is responsible for converting light into electrical charges in a digital camera?
Answer
(C)
The image sensor.
22
What is one advantage of OLED technology over traditional LED screens?
Answer
(C)
Can be made thinner and more flexible.
23
What happens to the ink when using thermal bubble technology?
Answer
(B)
It is heated to create a bubble, then ejected.
24
In a central heating system, what is the role of the thermostat?
Answer
(B)
To measure and set the desired temperature.
25
What is the relationship between the MAC address and the IP address?
Answer
(C)
MAC addresses are physical addresses and IP addresses are logical addresses used for network routing.
26
Which component is involved in both reading from and writing to memory?
Answer
(B)
Data bus
27
What is the primary advantage of SSDs compared to traditional HDDs in terms of data access?
Answer
(B)
They offer faster access times.
28
How does an inkjet printer apply colorant to the paper?
Answer
(C)
By spraying ink droplets.
29
What is a primary advantage of an SSD over an HDD, related to data access?
Answer
(C)
Faster read/write speeds
30
What is the primary function of the 'fuser' in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To melt the toner onto the paper
31
What is the purpose of a face recognition system?
Answer
(B)
To identify a person's face.
32
What is the purpose of the red LED in an optical mouse?
Answer
(A)
To illuminate the surface.
33
What is a potential consequence of overheating a CPU?
Answer
(B)
System instability.
34
Which components of a digital camera are responsible for image capturing?
Answer
A
B
D
35
What are the advantages of using QR codes?
Answer
A
B
C
36
What is the key function of the amplifier in an audio system?
Answer
(C)
To increase the signal strength.
37
What is a common application of embedded systems?
Answer
(C)
Security systems.
38
In the context of flash memory, what is the purpose of the floating gate?
Answer
(A)
To store the charge representing a bit's value.
39
What are the main advantages of capacitive touchscreens?
Answer
A
D
40
What are the three main types of cables mentioned in the text?
Answer
A
C
D
41
What type of signal does a microphone typically output?
Answer
(B)
Analog
42
What is the function of cache memory?
Answer
(A)
To store frequently used data and instructions, speeding up access.
43
In the context of laser printers, which component applies a charge to the paper that attracts toner?
Answer
(A)
The drum
44
Which material is typically used to make the cone of a loudspeaker?
Answer
(B)
Paper or synthetic material
45
Which of the following is a common benefit of using cache memory?
Answer
(B)
Faster access to data and instructions.
46
What are some examples of features used in face recognition?
Answer
A
B
D
47
What is the function of a DHCP server?
Answer
(C)
To automatically assign IP addresses to devices.
48
In a hard drive, what does seek time refer to?
Answer
(B)
The time for the read/write head to move to the correct track.
49
What happens to the paper after the toner is applied in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
It is sent to the fuser unit.
50
In what order are the steps taken by a printer as it prints a document?
Answer
(A)
The data from the document is sent to the printer driver; the printer driver interprets the data, a sheet of paper is fed into the printer; the printer applies the colorant to the paper, and the page is printed.