Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 21)
1
What are the key advantages of SSDs compared to HDDs? (Select all that apply)
Answer
A
C
D
2
In the context of network communications, what is the primary purpose of an IP address?
Answer
(B)
To route data packets between different networks.
3
What is a crucial advantage of DRAM over SRAM regarding cost?
Answer
(C)
DRAM is less expensive.
4
Which of these are examples of output devices?
Answer
A
C
5
What is a key characteristic of embedded systems?
Answer
(C)
They are often designed to perform a specific task or set of tasks.
6
Which of the following is an advantage of using QR codes compared to traditional barcodes, as mentioned in the text?
Answer
(A)
QR codes are less likely to get damaged.
7
In a computer, what are the components used to manage the execution of instructions?
Answer
A
B
C
8
Which part of the CPU performs arithmetic operations?
Answer
(C)
ALU
9
What is the function of the Memory Data Register (MDR) during a write operation?
Answer
(B)
To hold the data that is to be written to memory.
10
What are key characteristics of Ethernet networks?
Answer
A
B
D
11
What does the term 'latency' refer to in the context of computer storage?
Answer
(B)
The time it takes to access a specific piece of data.
12
What is the function of the clock speed?
Answer
(B)
To synchronize and determine how many instructions the CPU can execute per second.
13
What technology is often used to make a touchscreen?
Answer
(C)
Capacitive
14
Which term describes the process of a CPU retrieving an instruction from memory?
Answer
(C)
Fetching
15
What is the main function of a Memory Management Unit (MMU)?
Answer
(B)
To convert logical addresses to physical addresses.
16
Which stage occurs after the paper passes through a fuser (in laser printing)?
Answer
(B)
The paper is ejected from the printer.
17
What kind of display technology uses organic compounds that emit light when electricity is applied?
Answer
(C)
OLED
18
Which type of memory retains its data even when the power is turned off?
Answer
(D)
SSD
19
In a microphone, what happens to the vibrations of the diaphragm?
Answer
(C)
They are converted into electrical signals.
20
What type of radiation is used by CT scanners to create images?
Answer
(B)
X-rays
21
What is a benefit of using a USB 3.0 port compared to a USB 2.0 port?
Answer
(A)
USB 3.0 ports have faster data transfer rates.
22
Which of the following are used by a router to connect devices together?
Answer
A
B
D
23
In a laser printer, what process is used to apply the toner to the paper?
Answer
(C)
Electrostatically charged toner.
24
Which 3D printing method involves using a liquid resin that is solidified by light?
Answer
(B)
Stereolithography (SLA)
25
Which of the following correctly describes the role of a sensor?
Answer
A
D
26
Which type of memory is generally used for temporary storage during processing?
Answer
(C)
Random Access Memory (RAM)
27
What are some benefits of using embedded systems?
Answer
A
B
28
What are some potential advantages of using multi-core processors?
Answer
A
D
29
What is a primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?
Answer
(B)
To execute instructions.
30
Which of these are advantages of OLED technology compared to LED?
Answer
A
C
D
31
Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between the CPU and Virtual Memory?
Answer
(A)
Virtual memory allows the CPU to address more memory than is physically available.
32
What does the abbreviation 'ALU' stand for?
Answer
(B)
Arithmetic Logic Unit
33
In a greenhouse environment control system, the computer receives signals from various sensors. Which sensor is NOT explicitly mentioned in the context of controlling the greenhouse environment?
Answer
(D)
Wind Speed
34
What is the main advantage of a dual-layer Blu-ray disc over a single-layer Blu-ray disc?
Answer
(B)
Increased storage capacity.
35
What term describes the process of building an object layer by layer in 3D printing?
Answer
(B)
Additive manufacturing
36
What is a significant security risk associated with cloud storage?
Answer
(B)
Data breaches and unauthorized access.
37
What distinguishes Blu-ray technology from DVD technology?
Answer
A
B
38
What happens once a barcode has been read and the stock item is found in the database?
Answer
A
C
39
What is the role of the Memory Management Unit (MMU) in a computer's memory system?
Answer
(B)
To translate logical addresses into physical addresses.
40
In the example of the central heating system, what does the system utilize to ensure the temperature stays at a comfortable level?
Answer
(C)
A thermostat
41
What is the function of a network interface card (NIC)?
Answer
(B)
To allow a device to connect to a network.
42
In the context of laser printing, which component is responsible for creating the latent image on the drum?
Answer
(B)
The laser
43
What determines how long it takes for a specific piece of data to be retrieved from a hard drive?
Answer
A
B
C
44
What are some examples of monitoring applications that use sensors?
Answer
A
B
D
45
Which bus transmits the address of a memory location?
Answer
(C)
Address bus
46
What type of technology is used in CT scanners?
Answer
(A)
X-rays
47
Which is an output of a digital camera's analog to digital conversion process?
Answer
(D)
A file format that contains a digital representation of an image.
48
Which type of network cable is generally faster than twisted pair cable?
Answer
(B)
Fiber optic cable
49
What components are typically found in embedded systems?
Answer
A
B
C
50
What is the purpose of the 'execute' phase in the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?
