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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 19)

1
What does the term 'fetch' refer to in the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?
Answer
(C)
Retrieving the instruction from memory.
2
What is the purpose of a MAC address in networking?
Answer
(A)
To identify a device on a network.
3
What are the advantages of barcode scanning?
Answer
A
B
C
4
Which of the following statements best describes a static IP address?
Answer
(C)
It is permanently assigned to a device by the internet service provider (ISP).
5
What is the purpose of the developer roller in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To apply toner to the drum.
6
What does the term "MAC address" stand for?
Answer
(A)
Media Access Control
7
What kind of printers are usually used for printing documents and other items in color?
Answer
(B)
Inkjet printer
8
What is the primary advantage of a dual-core or quad-core processor over a single-core processor?
Answer
(C)
The ability to perform more tasks simultaneously.
9
What is the role of the printer driver?
Answer
(B)
To convert the data into a format the printer can understand.
10
What are the advantages of using twisted pair cable in networking?
Answer
B
C
11
Which cloud deployment model provides dedicated resources for a single organization?
Answer
(B)
Private cloud
12
How does a dual-layer Blu-ray disc achieve a higher storage capacity?
Answer
(B)
By using multiple layers to store data.
13
What is a disadvantage associated with using virtual memory?
Answer
(C)
Potential for slower system performance.
14
What is the main function of a CT scanner?
Answer
(A)
Generate a 3D image of the human body.
15
What is the role of registers in a computer system?
Answer
(C)
To hold data that is currently being processed by the CPU.
16
What is the main role of the CPU in the barcode reading process?
Answer
(C)
To decode the barcode and identify the product.
17
In the example of a vending machine, what is the input that triggers the dispensing of a product?
Answer
(B)
The amount of money inserted.
18
What type of printer utilizes thermal bubble technology?
Answer
(A)
Inkjet printers.
19
What is the primary function of a pressure sensor?
Answer
(A)
To measure the air pressure in a system.
20
Which of the following are advantages of OLED technology over LCD technology?
Answer
A
B
D
21
What is a primary disadvantage of resistive touchscreens?
Answer
(A)
Poor visibility in sunlight.
22
What is an advantage of increasing the bus width?
Answer
(B)
It allows for more data to be transferred simultaneously.
23
What does the acronym LED stand for?
Answer
(A)
Light Emitting Diode
24
What is a significant cause of data loss in DRAM?
Answer
(C)
Loss of charge in capacitors
25
What is the primary purpose of the voice coil in a loudspeaker?
Answer
(B)
To vibrate the cone.
26
What is an advantage of barcodes mentioned in the text?
Answer
(B)
Reduced checkout times.
27
What type of device would a home user typically use to connect to the internet via a cable service?
Answer
(C)
Modem
28
What is the role of the lens in a digital camera?
Answer
(C)
To focus light onto the image sensor.
29
What is the primary function of the read/write heads in an HDD?
Answer
(C)
To read and write data on the platters.
30
Which of the following statements best describes the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?
Answer
(C)
The fundamental process by which a CPU executes instructions.
31
Which technology uses light signals to transmit data?
Answer
(C)
Fiber optic cable
32
Which of the following is a function of the Control Unit?
Answer
(B)
Controlling the flow of instructions.
33
How do microphones work?
Answer
(A)
Convert sound to electricity.
34
What is the primary function of a modem?
Answer
(C)
To convert digital signals to analog signals and vice-versa.
35
What is a major disadvantage of the Von Neumann architecture?
Answer
(D)
The single memory space can lead to a bottleneck (the Von Neumann bottleneck).
36
Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?
Answer
C
D
37
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
Answer
(C)
Providing the device's IP address.
38
What is the purpose of a network firewall?
Answer
(C)
To block unauthorized access to a network.
39
What is a significant difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
Answer
(C)
IPv6 supports a larger address space.
40
What is an advantage of a DLP projector in comparison to an LCD projector?
Answer
(A)
Higher contrast ratio
41
What are some characteristics of an Ethernet network?
Answer
B
C
42
Which technology is key to a digital image of a face for facial recognition?
Answer
(B)
3D scanning.
43
What is one of the risks associated with QR codes?
Answer
(C)
They can transmit malicious code.
44
Which of the following devices is typically a key element in a barcode system?
Answer
(B)
A scanner.
45
What is the term for the maximum rate of data transfer across a network connection?
Answer
(B)
Bandwidth
46
What is a characteristic of flash memory used in SSDs?
Answer
(B)
It is non-volatile.
47
What is the role of a compiler in relation to instruction sets?
Answer
(B)
To translate high-level programming languages into machine code.
48
In an SSD, what manages the data storage and retrieval process?
Answer
(D)
The controller
49
What is a potential issue that can arise from high clock speeds?
Answer
(A)
Increased power consumption and heat generation.
50
What is the primary goal when considering computer performance?
Answer
B
C