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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 18)

1
In a vending machine, which component is responsible for dispensing the product?
Answer
(D)
The internal mechanism.
2
What are the two main types of capacitive touchscreens?
Answer
(A)
Surface and Projective
3
What is the function of a register within the CPU?
Answer
(B)
To hold data and instructions for immediate use.
4
What is a benefit of using Bluetooth technology?
Answer
(D)
Supports the connection of multiple devices
5
What is a characteristic of a dual-layer Blu-ray disc compared to a single-layer Blu-ray disc?
Answer
(B)
Higher storage capacity.
6
In a vending machine, what are the outputs of the embedded system?
Answer
(B)
The dispensing of product and showing the price.
7
What are some applications of 3D printing mentioned in the provided text?
Answer
A
B
C
8
What component creates an electrical current in the microphone?
Answer
(A)
The diaphragm
9
In 3D printing, which method is characterized by using a laser to selectively fuse powdered material?
Answer
(C)
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
10
Which type of 3D printing method involves binding powdered material layer by layer with a liquid adhesive?
Answer
(C)
Binder Jetting
11
What is the main function of a switch in a network?
Answer
(B)
Connects devices within a local network.
12
What does the term "thrashing" refer to in the context of virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
The excessive swapping of data between RAM and the hard drive.
13
Which of the following statements is true regarding cloud storage?
Answer
(B)
Cloud storage allows users to access their data from anywhere with an internet connection.
14
What is the role of the Memory Data Register (MDR)?
Answer
(B)
To store data being read from or written to memory.
15
Which component is responsible for controlling the flow of data in an SSD?
Answer
(C)
The controller
16
What technology is primarily used by SSDs to store data?
Answer
(C)
Flash memory
17
What type of connection is used to connect the keyboard with a computer?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
18
What is a standard single-layer Blu-ray disc's storage capacity?
Answer
(B)
25 GB
19
Which of the following is a characteristic of a laser printer's printing process?
Answer
(B)
It uses heat and toner to create images.
20
What is the primary characteristic of a resistive touchscreen?
Answer
(A)
Reacts to pressure.
21
What does the acronym 'SSD' stand for?
Answer
(C)
Solid State Drive
22
What does the term 'DPI' stand for in the context of printers?
Answer
(A)
Dots Per Inch
23
What does DAC stand for in the context of sound systems?
Answer
(A)
Digital Analog Converter
24
Which type of memory is typically faster: cache or main memory (RAM)?
Answer
(B)
Cache memory
25
Which of the following is the first stage in the laser printing process?
Answer
(D)
The data from the document is sent to the printer driver.
26
Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of a sensor in a digital-to-analog conversion (ADC) process?
Answer
(A)
A sensor converts an analog signal to a digital signal.
27
In the car example, which component is used to store the recorded television programs?
Answer
(B)
A solid state drive (SSD).
28
In a barcode system, what happens if the stock level of an item falls to a specific pre-defined value?
Answer
(C)
The item is automatically reordered.
29
Which component is primarily responsible for forwarding data packets in a network?
Answer
(C)
Router
30
What distinguishes IPv6 from IPv4 in terms of addressing?
Answer
(C)
IPv6 supports a larger address space.
31
What is the primary role of the transfer roller in the laser printing process?
Answer
(C)
To transfer the toner from the drum to the paper.
32
What part of the camera focuses light?
Answer
(C)
The lens.
33
Which of the following is an example of a non-volatile memory?
Answer
(D)
ROM
34
What is the function of the Memory Address Register (MAR)?
Answer
(B)
To hold the address of the memory location being accessed.
35
In the street lighting example, the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) is used to convert the sensor data into:
Answer
(B)
Digital data
36
Which of the following is a key function performed by the microprocessor in a central heating system control?
Answer
(B)
To regulate the pump.
37
What component is in a digital camera to make a photograph?
Answer
(B)
An image sensor.
38
What does each key on a keyboard have?
Answer
(B)
An ASCII value corresponding to a digital signal.
39
What process is used to divide a 3D model into horizontal layers for 3D printing?
Answer
(A)
Slicing
40
In a network environment, what is the purpose of the IP address?
Answer
(B)
To identify and route data packets between networks.
41
What component of a microphone converts sound waves into an electrical signal?
Answer
(B)
The diaphragm.
42
Which of the following is an example of non-volatile storage?
Answer
B
C
D
43
In the central heating system, what type of signal is used to control the gas valve?
Answer
(B)
Digital signal
44
What does the term 'seek time' describe concerning HDDs?
Answer
(B)
The time the read/write head takes to find the correct track.
45
Which are important benefits of OLEDs?
Answer
A
B
46
Which of the following is a common type of embedded system?
Answer
(C)
A smartphone.
47
What is the function of the Program Counter (PC) in the Von Neumann architecture?
Answer
(B)
To hold the address of the next instruction to be fetched.
48
What function does a Network Interface Card (NIC) serve?
Answer
(C)
To connect a device to a network.
49
Which of these terms is used to describe a storage device that is accessed directly by the CPU?
Answer
(B)
Internal Memory
50
Which component is *primarily* responsible for synchronizing the operations within a computer system?
Answer
(B)
The system clock.