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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 17)

1
Which type of memory is often referred to as being "non-volatile"?
Answer
(C)
SSD
2
In the process of laser printing, what is the next step after the image is transferred to the paper by the transfer roller?
Answer
(B)
The paper goes through the fuser unit.
3
What is the main difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
Answer
(A)
IPv6 supports a larger address space.
4
What characteristics are true for Ethernet?
Answer
B
C
D
5
Which of the following is considered volatile memory?
Answer
(D)
DRAM
6
What are the factors affecting computer performance?
Answer
A
B
C
7
What does the term 'IP' stand for in networking?
Answer
(A)
Internet Protocol
8
What are advantages of SSDs over HDDs? (Select two)
Answer
B
C
9
What does the term 'overclocking' refer to in the context of computer performance?
Answer
(B)
Running a CPU or other component at a higher clock speed than its designed specifications.
10
What is the defining characteristic of virtual memory?
Answer
(A)
It uses a portion of the hard drive to simulate RAM.
11
Which of the following are advantages of using capacitive touch screens?
Answer
A
D
12
What are some potential disadvantages of using cloud storage? (Select two)
Answer
A
B
13
What is a key benefit of virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
Enabling a system to run more programs than its physical RAM capacity.
14
In a digital camera, the sensors convert light into what?
Answer
(A)
Analog electrical charges
15
What action is taken when data is fragmented on an HDD?
Answer
(C)
The data is distributed across different areas of the disk.
16
What are the main components of the digital camera which take a photograph?
Answer
A
B
C
17
What is latency in the context of a hard disk drive?
Answer
(C)
The time it takes for a sector to rotate under the read/write head.
18
What are the characteristics of Dynamic IP addresses?
Answer
B
C
19
Which of the following is an example of an output device?
Answer
(D)
Printer
20
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a MAC address?
Answer
(A)
It is used to identify a device on a local network.
21
In the context of CPU, what is the purpose of the 'decode' stage in the instruction cycle?
Answer
(C)
Interpreting the instructions.
22
In a laser printer, the laser beam does what?
Answer
(B)
Creates a static charge on the drum.
23
What is the role of the developer unit in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To apply toner to the drum.
24
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a cache memory?
Answer
(B)
To provide faster access to frequently used data.
25
What is a key difference between public and private cloud storage?
Answer
(C)
Public cloud is shared; private cloud is dedicated.
26
Which of the following is the function of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in an audio system?
Answer
(B)
To convert digital audio data into an analog electrical signal.
27
Which of the following best describes the function of a solenoid?
Answer
(B)
To convert electrical energy into magnetic force.
28
What are the benefits of using a wireless network?
Answer
A
B
D
29
Which of the following is a characteristic of a wireless network?
Answer
(B)
Uses radio waves to transmit data.
30
What format does the analog to digital converter change to?
Answer
(B)
Binary
31
What best describes the process of 'additive manufacturing'?
Answer
(C)
Building an object layer by layer.
32
Which of the following is a key feature of Dynamic RAM (DRAM)?
Answer
(B)
Requires constant refreshing.
33
What is the function of an ADC in a system?
Answer
(C)
Convert analog signals to digital signals
34
What is the function of an instruction set?
Answer
(C)
To define the operations that a CPU can perform.
35
What does OCR software do?
Answer
(B)
Converts scanned text into an editable format.
36
In the example of a security system using an embedded system, which of the following would be considered an *input*?
Answer
(C)
Temperature data from a sensor.
37
How do QR codes and bar codes differ in the amount of data they can store?
Answer
(B)
QR codes store more data than barcodes.
38
What is a key benefit of using an SSD instead of an HDD?
Answer
C
D
39
What is the function of the processor in an optical mouse?
Answer
(D)
To analyze changing image patterns to determine mouse movement.
40
How does virtual memory handle data that is not actively being used by the CPU?
Answer
(B)
It moves the data to the hard drive.
41
What is a key advantage of SRAM over DRAM?
Answer
(C)
Faster access times
42
Which of the following is a characteristic of a static IP address?
Answer
(B)
It does not change unless configured manually.
43
What is the main advantage of using a wireless network?
Answer
(C)
Mobility and convenience
44
Which is NOT an example of a primary storage device?
Answer
(D)
Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
45
What is the role of a 'controller' in an SSD?
Answer
(B)
To manage the flash memory.
46
What is the primary use of a MAC address?
Answer
(B)
To identify a device on a local network.
47
Which device is usually used to provide Wi-Fi connectivity in a home or office?
Answer
(C)
Wireless Router
48
Which component is key in ensuring the image quality and how light is captured within a digital camera?
Answer
(C)
The lens
49
What does the acronym 'BIOS' stand for?
Answer
(A)
Basic Input Output System
50
What is the function of the microphone in converting sound to a digital format?
Answer
(C)
It converts sound waves into an electrical current.