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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 15)

1
What is the role of the print head in an ink-jet printer?
Answer
B
D
2
What is the typical range for the lifespan of the data stored on flash memory?
Answer
(B)
A limited number of write/erase cycles.
3
Which of the following describes a potential risk when using cloud storage?
Answer
(B)
You are dependent on a good internet connection.
4
Which component in a computer system is responsible for keeping track of the next instruction to be executed?
Answer
(B)
Program Counter (PC)
5
In the vending machine example, what component is responsible for dispensing the product?
Answer
(C)
The microcontroller.
6
In the context of cloud storage, what is 'data security'?
Answer
(B)
Protecting data from unauthorized access or modification.
7
What components are found in primary memory?
Answer
B
C
8
Which statement describes dynamic IP addressing?
Answer
(C)
IP addresses are assigned by a server.
9
What is the role of the Control Bus in a computer system?
Answer
(C)
To carry control signals for coordinating system activities.
10
Which of the following is a key advantage of 3D printing compared to traditional manufacturing methods for creating complex geometries?
Answer
(C)
Ability to produce intricate designs without specialized tooling
11
In primary memory, what is the most critical function performed by RAM?
Answer
(B)
Running programs and storing data the CPU is currently using.
12
What is a characteristic of a CD-RW disk?
Answer
(C)
Can be rewritten multiple times.
13
In the example of street lighting control, which component converts the light sensor's data into a format suitable for processing?
Answer
(C)
ADC
14
What is a key difference between volatile and non-volatile memory?
Answer
(C)
Non-volatile memory retains data without power, while volatile memory does not.
15
What is an example of the application of 3D scanners?
Answer
(A)
Creating a 3D model of a person's face.
16
Which component is critical for fast data access in a computer?
Answer
(B)
SSD
17
Which of the following is most likely to improve computer performance?
Answer
(C)
Increasing cache memory size.
18
In the context of street lighting control, what does the microprocessor utilize to make decisions about turning the lights on or off?
Answer
(C)
Data from the light sensor
19
In the context of computer storage, which of the following best describes fragmentation?
Answer
(B)
Storing data in multiple non-contiguous blocks on the storage medium.
20
What is the main purpose of the control gate in a flash memory cell?
Answer
(B)
To control the flow of electrons to or from the floating gate.
21
What is the main function of an embedded system?
Answer
(B)
To perform a specific, dedicated task.
22
What are the key advantages of OLEDs over traditional LCD screens?
Answer
A
B
23
What is the function of the lens in an optical mouse?
Answer
(B)
To focus the reflected light onto the sensor.
24
What type of signal is produced in a microphone?
Answer
(B)
Analog
25
Which of the following are potential *inputs* to a lighting system controlled by an embedded system?
Answer
A
B
C
26
Which type of address is used to uniquely identify a device on a network?
Answer
(A)
MAC address
27
What color is produced by a DLP projector if a micro-mirror is switched on?
Answer
(B)
White
28
What is the role of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
Answer
(B)
To translate domain names into IP addresses.
29
Which technology allows for the connection of multiple devices without the need for physical cables?
Answer
(D)
Wi-Fi
30
What part of the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations?
Answer
(C)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
31
What determines the resolution of the image in a DLP projector?
Answer
(B)
The number of micro-mirrors.
32
What are some features of embedded systems?
Answer
A
B
33
Which of the following is a key function of the developer unit in a laser printer?
Answer
(C)
To apply toner to the drum.
34
What advantage do SSDs provide over HDDs?
Answer
(C)
Faster access times
35
Which component of an optical mouse detects surface reflections?
Answer
(A)
A complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chip.
36
In the barcode system, what happens when the stock record is updated?
Answer
(C)
The number of stock items in the record is reduced by 1.
37
How is a white image created from a DLP projector?
Answer
(B)
The micro-mirrors are all switched on.
38
Which characteristic describes the volatility of RAM?
Answer
(C)
Data is erased when the power is turned off.
39
What are some common advantages of SSDs compared to HDDs? (Select two)
Answer
A
C
40
Which part of an SSD is responsible for organizing the data and controlling how the flash memory works?
Answer
(C)
Controller
41
What is the main disadvantage of using a wireless network?
Answer
(B)
Lower speed
42
Which of these is an example of a volatile memory?
Answer
(D)
RAM
43
What is a key difference between Ethernet and Bluetooth?
Answer
(C)
Ethernet is wired, Bluetooth is wireless.
44
In a CPU, what is the function of the Instruction Register (IR)?
Answer
(B)
To hold the currently executing instruction.
45
In the greenhouse control system, what environmental factor is most likely regulated by spraying water?
Answer
(B)
Humidity.
46
What is the primary function of a wireless access point (WAP)?
Answer
(B)
To provide a wireless connection to a network.
47
Which bus is responsible for transmitting memory addresses?
Answer
(A)
Address bus
48
What is a significant advantage of DRAM over SRAM?
Answer
(C)
Greater storage capacity.
49
What is a significant security risk associated with cloud storage?
Answer
(B)
Data breaches and unauthorized access.
50
What is the name of the technology used to create ink bubbles in an inkjet printer?
Answer
(A)
Thermal bubble