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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 14)

1
What is the process that happens *after* the transfer stage in laser printing?
Answer
(C)
Fusing
2
What is the role of the Control Bus in a computer system?
Answer
(C)
To carry control signals, coordinating activities between components.
3
What is the role of a modem in a network?
Answer
(C)
To convert the digital signal from a computer into a signal that can be transmitted over a telephone or cable line, and vice versa.
4
What distinguishes the DLP projector from the LCD projector in terms of image production?
Answer
(A)
DLP projectors use mirrors; LCD projectors use liquid crystals.
5
What is the main advantage of SRAM compared to DRAM?
Answer
(C)
Faster access speed.
6
In the context of cloud storage, what does the term "redundancy" refer to?
Answer
(A)
The duplication of data across multiple servers.
7
What protocol is used to assign dynamic IP addresses to devices?
Answer
(C)
DHCP
8
What type of cloud storage provides dedicated resources and is managed by the company or a third party?
Answer
(B)
Private cloud
9
What are the key functions of the lens in a projector?
Answer
(B)
To focus the image onto the screen.
10
Which component in a laser printer is responsible for creating the image on the photosensitive drum?
Answer
(B)
The laser scanner
11
What is an example of a non-volatile storage device?
Answer
(C)
Hard disk drive (HDD)
12
What is the purpose of the Program Counter (PC)?
Answer
(C)
To store the address of the next instruction to be executed.
13
In the context of street lighting, what is the role of the light sensor?
Answer
(B)
To determine the time of day or night.
14
Which of the following components are typically found in a central heating system controlled by a microprocessor?
Answer
A
B
C
15
Which of the following is a disadvantage of infrared touchscreens?
Answer
(C)
They are sensitive to ambient light.
16
In an ABS, how is wheel speed monitored?
Answer
(C)
By magnetic field sensors.
17
What does the term 'Slicing' refer to in 3D printing?
Answer
(B)
The process of converting the 3D model into layers for printing.
18
What is a key advantage of using a static IP address?
Answer
(C)
Remote Access
19
Which of the following can improve CPU performance?
Answer
A
B
C
20
What is the primary function of a router?
Answer
(C)
To route data packets between different networks.
21
What is the primary advantage of using a shorter wavelength laser in an optical disc (like Blu-ray)?
Answer
(B)
Higher data storage capacity.
22
What is a key difference between CD-Rs and CD-RWs?
Answer
(A)
CD-Rs are read-only, while CD-RWs can be rewritten.
23
What is the function of the 'flow' of an embedded system as described in the lighting system?
Answer
(A)
Controls the lighting based on input.
24
Which is generally considered the *fastest* type of storage?
Answer
(B)
SSD
25
Which stage in laser printing prepares the drum for the next print cycle?
Answer
(B)
Cleaning
26
In a typical flash memory cell, what determines whether a bit is stored as a 0 or a 1?
Answer
(B)
The presence or absence of electrons in the floating gate.
27
What is the primary function of the LCD display in a Liquid Crystal Display projector?
Answer
(C)
To filter the light and create the image.
28
What are the two main categories of storage devices?
Answer
(C)
Primary and secondary.
29
What is the function of a MAC address?
Answer
(B)
To identify a device on a local network.
30
In an ABS system, what action is taken if one wheel is about to lock up during braking?
Answer
(B)
The braking pressure is reduced to the wheel that is locking.
31
What is the main advantage of cloud storage?
Answer
(C)
Data can be accessed from any device and any location.
32
What are the primary components of a 2D scanner?
Answer
(B)
A light source and a sensor.
33
What is an example of an external device that can be connected to a computer through a USB port?
Answer
(C)
The printer.
34
In a 3D scanner, what does the device use to create a 3D representation of an object?
Answer
(B)
Laser light.
35
In an optical mouse, what is the role of the emitted light?
Answer
(A)
To track the mouse movement.
36
How does increasing the bus width affect performance?
Answer
(B)
It increases the amount of data that can be transferred at once.
37
What does a digital camera use to form an image?
Answer
(B)
An array of sensors.
38
What component is the primary storage medium in a Hard Disk Drive (HDD)?
Answer
(C)
The platters.
39
What is a key difference between SRAM and DRAM?
Answer
(B)
DRAM is less expensive.
40
What is the main difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
Answer
(B)
IPv4 is based on 32-bit addresses, while IPv6 is based on 128-bit addresses.
41
Which of the following is a key advantage of OLED displays in terms of design?
Answer
(B)
OLEDs can be made thinner and more flexible.
42
Which of the following is a key function of a modem?
Answer
(B)
Converting digital signals to analog signals.
43
What is a benefit of Bluetooth?
Answer
(C)
Low power consumption
44
What type of memory retains its contents even when the power is off?
Answer
(B)
ROM
45
Which of the following is a disadvantage of resistive touchscreens?
Answer
(C)
They can be affected by dirt and water.
46
Which sensor is primarily used in the greenhouse environment control system?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
47
What type of device converts a digital signal into an analog signal?
Answer
(C)
DAC
48
What is the function of the system clock in a computer?
Answer
(B)
To provide timing signals to synchronize operations.
49
What is the primary advantage of using flash memory in SSDs?
Answer
(B)
Fast access times
50
What does 'SSD' stand for?
Answer
(A)
Solid State Drive