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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 13)

1
Which is an example of a file transfer protocol?
Answer
(B)
FTP
2
Which of the following is an advantage of using a wired mouse over a wireless mouse?
Answer
(D)
Avoids the need for batteries.
3
What is the function of the sensor in a central heating system?
Answer
(B)
To measure the room's temperature.
4
Which of the following storage types utilize magnetic platters?
Answer
(C)
HDD
5
What is the role of the membrane or circuit board in an ergonomic keyboard?
Answer
(B)
Identifies which key has been pressed.
6
What is the main difference between a CD and a DVD?
Answer
(B)
DVDs have a larger storage capacity.
7
Which of the following is a characteristic of Blu-ray discs compared to DVDs?
Answer
(C)
Blu-ray discs typically use a thinner laser beam, allowing for more data storage.
8
In the context of a microphone, which component converts sound vibrations into electrical signals?
Answer
(C)
The diaphragm.
9
What is the benefit of having a dual-layer Blu-ray disc?
Answer
(B)
Higher storage capacity.
10
What is the role of the 'tunnel oxide' layer in flash memory?
Answer
(B)
To allow electrons to pass into and out of the floating gate.
11
What is a key advantage of a DLP projector over an LCD projector in terms of image quality?
Answer
(C)
Better color saturation
12
What type of sensor is used to detect the presence of an intruder in a building?
Answer
(C)
Acoustic sensor
13
What do vending machines use to control many of their functions?
Answer
(C)
An embedded system.
14
In an ink-jet printer, the ink is fed through what component to form letters on the paper?
Answer
(C)
The print head nozzles.
15
What is the purpose of the laser in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To create an electrostatic image on the drum.
16
In a central heating system, what action does the microprocessor take if the sensor detects the temperature is below the pre-set value?
Answer
(B)
It opens the gas valve.
17
In a central heating system, what happens when the sensor data indicates the temperature is below the pre-set value?
Answer
(B)
The gas valve opens to provide more heat.
18
Which of the following is a significant advantage of using SSDs compared to HDDs in a laptop?
Answer
(C)
Increased durability and faster access times
19
In the street lighting system, what component receives the digital signal from the ADC?
Answer
(C)
The microprocessor
20
What is a key advantage of SSDs compared to HDDs regarding data access?
Answer
(B)
Faster read/write speeds due to no moving parts
21
In a chemical process control system, what is the signal type the computer sends to the DAC?
Answer
(B)
Digital signal.
22
What type of technology is used by modern SSDs?
Answer
(C)
Solid-state flash memory
23
What type of screen technology uses organic compounds that emit light when electricity is applied?
Answer
(C)
OLED
24
In the context of digital cameras, the text describes how light interacts with a light-sensitive cell. What is the result of this interaction?
Answer
(B)
The creation of an electrical charge.
25
What type of input device does a touchscreen represent?
Answer
(C)
Input.
26
In computer architecture, what is the purpose of an operand?
Answer
(B)
To provide the data or the address of the data to be used by an instruction.
27
What is used by the embedded system to determine the time of day or day of the week for lighting systems?
Answer
(B)
A clock.
28
What is the difference between a CD-R and a CD-RW?
Answer
(A)
CD-R is read-only; CD-RW can be re-written.
29
What determines the storage capacity of a hard drive?
Answer
(B)
The number of platters and the density of data storage on each platter.
30
What does the 'transferring' stage accomplish in the laser printing process?
Answer
(C)
The toner is moved from the drum to the paper.
31
What is the function of a NIC?
Answer
(B)
Connect a device to a network
32
What is the main function of an ALU?
Answer
(B)
To perform arithmetic and logical operations
33
What is the significance of a shorter wavelength laser in Blu-ray technology compared to DVDs?
Answer
(B)
More data can be stored on a disc
34
What is a key feature that distinguishes Blu-ray discs from DVDs?
Answer
B
C
35
What is the key characteristic of OLED technology that differentiates it from LED and LCD?
Answer
(B)
OLEDs produce their own light.
36
Which type of optical disc has the smallest storage capacity?
Answer
(C)
CD
37
What are some of the potential security risks associated with using cloud storage?
Answer
A
B
D
38
Which of the following is a critical step in the process of 3D printing?
Answer
(B)
Using CAD software to design the object.
39
In a street lighting system, what does the microprocessor do with the information it receives from the light sensor?
Answer
(B)
Controls the lights.
40
Which of the following is a benefit of cloud storage?
Answer
A
C
41
What is the purpose of a MAC address?
Answer
(A)
To identify a device on a local network.
42
What type of scanner is used to convert physical documents to a digital form?
Answer
(B)
2D Scanner
43
What is the main purpose of a switch in a network?
Answer
(C)
To connect multiple devices within a local area network.
44
What technology can be used to interface with the home lighting systems?
Answer
(D)
Mobile phone.
45
Which is an advantage of a wired mouse?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
46
What are the two main parts of an instruction?
Answer
(B)
Opcode and Operand
47
What device is used to read a barcode?
Answer
(C)
A scanner.
48
What is the primary function of an anti-lock braking system (ABS)?
Answer
(B)
To prevent the wheels from locking up during heavy braking.
49
Which of the following features is most significant in increasing the storage capacity of Blu-ray discs compared to DVDs?
Answer
(C)
A shorter wavelength laser.
50
What is the function of the 'charging' step in a laser printer?
Answer
(B)
To create a static charge on the drum.