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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 12)

1
What does the CPU relate to inside an ergonomic keyboard?
Answer
(A)
Identifies the keys pressed
2
What is a key disadvantage of LCD projectors when compared to DLP projectors?
Answer
(B)
Lower contrast ratio.
3
What is a potential security risk when using cloud storage?
Answer
A
C
4
In primary memory, what is the difference between RAM and ROM?
Answer
(C)
RAM is volatile, while ROM is non-volatile.
5
Which of the following is true of optical discs?
Answer
A
B
C
6
Which of the following is NOT an application of 3D printing mentioned in the text?
Answer
(B)
Producing high-volume consumer goods.
7
What does the term 'developing' refer to in the context of laser printing?
Answer
(C)
Applying the toner to the drum.
8
Which factor can cause a slowdown when using a virtual memory system?
Answer
(C)
A slow hard drive.
9
What does the text state happens if the barcode is first read by a red laser or LED?
Answer
(B)
The laser reflects off the barcode.
10
What is the role of a lens in an LCD projector?
Answer
(C)
To focus the image onto the screen.
11
In an anti-lock braking system (ABS), what is the system designed to prevent?
Answer
(B)
The wheels from locking up during braking.
12
What is the function of the Instruction Register (IR)?
Answer
(B)
To hold the current instruction being executed.
13
How does the operating system use virtual memory?
Answer
(C)
To extend the RAM by using hard drive space.
14
How does a capacitive touchscreen detect touch?
Answer
(A)
By sensing the change in electrical capacitance when a finger touches the screen.
15
What is a key benefit that SSDs provide over HDDs?
Answer
B
C
16
Which type of storage media is most susceptible to physical damage from dropping a laptop?
Answer
(C)
HDD
17
What type of interface does an ergonomic keyboard help minimize the chance of?
Answer
(A)
Injuries to the hands and wrists.
18
What does the text mention is a use for the QR code?
Answer
(C)
To provide a link to a website.
19
In a Von Neumann architecture, what is the primary characteristic that distinguishes it?
Answer
(B)
Shared memory space for both instructions and data.
20
What does the term "word" refer to in computer architecture?
Answer
(B)
A group of bits that can be handled as a unit.
21
What type of memory is primarily used as working memory by the CPU?
Answer
(C)
RAM
22
What best describes the role of the print head in an ink-jet printer?
Answer
(D)
To spray ink droplets onto the paper.
23
Which of the following is a major application of sensors in automotive systems?
Answer
(D)
Controlling anti-lock brakes (ABS).
24
What is the role of a magnetic field sensor in an ABS system?
Answer
(A)
To monitor the speed of each wheel.
25
What is the function of 'tracks' and 'sectors' in a hard drive?
Answer
(C)
To organize data on the platters.
26
What is the advantage of a wired mouse?
Answer
(A)
Requires no batteries.
27
What is the function of the ADC in the street lighting system?
Answer
(B)
To convert the light level to digital form.
28
How does SRAM store its data?
Answer
(B)
By using flip-flops to store each bit of memory.
29
Which of the following is used to help identify someone from a passport scan?
Answer
A
B
C
30
What is one of the advantages of a digital camera, as mentioned in the text?
Answer
(C)
The image is instantly available.
31
What component in a loudspeaker vibrates to produce sound?
Answer
(C)
The cone
32
What is the primary benefit of using IPv6 over IPv4?
Answer
(B)
Larger address space.
33
In the process of producing sound via a microphone, what causes the copper coil to move?
Answer
(B)
The vibration of the diaphragm.
34
Which of the following is *not* a benefit of SSDs?
Answer
(C)
Higher storage capacity than HDDs
35
Which device converts the domain name to an IP address?
Answer
(B)
The DNS server
36
What are some things a greenhouse control system can manage?
Answer
A
B
D
37
Which type of storage is generally faster, SSD or HDD?
Answer
(B)
SSD
38
In a DLP projector, what are the primary colors used to create the image?
Answer
(B)
Red, green, blue
39
Which protocol is used for assigning dynamic IP addresses?
Answer
(C)
DHCP
40
What is a characteristic of a static IP address?
Answer
(C)
It remains constant.
41
What is the function of an actuator?
Answer
(A)
To convert an electrical signal into a physical action.
42
What is a major advantage of using an SSD over a traditional HDD for laptop usage?
Answer
(C)
Faster access times and lower power consumption.
43
What method is used by a washing machine for the purpose of human intervention?
Answer
(B)
A button.
44
What are the main components of a flash memory cell?
Answer
(A)
Transistors, a floating gate, and a control gate.
45
What are key advantages of an Infrared touchscreen?
Answer
A
C
46
Which type of memory is *non-volatile*?
Answer
B
C
47
In the context of central heating systems, what is the purpose of the microprocessor?
Answer
(C)
To compare the sensor data with a pre-set value and act accordingly.
48
What are some disadvantages of HDDs compared to SSDs?
Answer
A
D
49
Which characteristic is associated with a dynamic IP address?
Answer
(C)
Can change over time.
50
What type of transistors are used in flash memory?
Answer
(C)
Floating gate transistors