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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 11)

1
What is the primary function of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
Answer
(B)
To connect a device to a network.
2
In the context of vending machines, what component counts the coins?
Answer
(B)
The microcontroller.
3
What type of optical disc has the largest storage capacity?
Answer
(C)
Blu-ray
4
What is a use of USB?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
5
What component in an HDD moves to read or write data?
Answer
(B)
The read/write head
6
Which of the following describes the 'developing' stage in laser printing?
Answer
(C)
The toner is attracted to the charged areas on the drum.
7
What is a key advantage of using OLED displays for mobile devices?
Answer
(B)
Lower power consumption
8
In the context of networking, what does the term 'IP address' stand for?
Answer
(B)
Internet Protocol Address
9
Which type of memory retains its data without requiring power?
Answer
(C)
Flash Memory
10
Which of the following is NOT a component of the CPU?
Answer
(D)
System Clock
11
Which factor determines the storage capacity of a DVD?
Answer
(A)
The wavelength of the laser light used.
12
What type of IP address does a device use when it initially connects to a network?
Answer
(D)
Dynamic
13
In what device is a fuser unit commonly found?
Answer
(B)
Laser printer
14
Which type of printer uses nozzles to spray tiny ink droplets onto the paper?
Answer
(B)
Ink-jet printer
15
What is the function of the digital micromirror device (DMD) in a DLP projector?
Answer
(D)
To create the image by tilting micromirrors
16
What are some of the advantages of using SSD's over HDD's?
Answer
A
B
D
17
What type of signal does the ADC convert?
Answer
(C)
Analog to digital.
18
What is the main advantage of using virtual memory?
Answer
(B)
It allows programs to be larger than physical memory.
19
In what form is the scanned text from a document converted by OCR software?
Answer
(C)
An editable text file
20
Which storage technology is known for having no moving parts?
Answer
(C)
SSD
21
If one wheel locks up during braking, what is the ABS system's immediate response?
Answer
(C)
To reduce braking pressure to the affected wheel.
22
What is an example of secondary storage?
Answer
(C)
Hard disk drive
23
In a central heating system, what does the microprocessor do with the temperature data it receives?
Answer
(B)
Compares it to a pre-set value.
24
What is meant by the term 'word length' in the context of a CPU?
Answer
(C)
The number of bits a CPU can process at a time.
25
Which of the following are advantages of using SSDs over HDDs (as described in the document)?
Answer
A
B
C
26
What is the most important benefit of using a dual-layer disc, like a DVD-R DL, compared to a single-layer disc?
Answer
(B)
Increased storage capacity.
27
What is a common application for capacitive touchscreens?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
28
What is an advantage of a dual-layer Blu-ray disc compared to a single-layer Blu-ray disc?
Answer
(A)
Higher storage capacity.
29
What is the difference between a UAA and LAA MAC address?
Answer
(B)
UAA is factory-assigned, and LAA is user-defined.
30
Which of the following is a use of sensors in a typical monitoring system?
Answer
(A)
Checking the temperature levels in a car engine.
31
What type of printer is often used for producing high-quality photographs?
Answer
(C)
Inkjet printer
32
What is a common drawback associated with the use of flash memory (SSDs)?
Answer
(B)
Limited write cycles.
33
In cloud storage, what is meant by 'data redundancy'?
Answer
(B)
Storing multiple copies of data across different servers.
34
What is the primary purpose of a network interface card (NIC)?
Answer
(B)
To connect a device to a network.
35
In the Von Neumann architecture, what is the primary function of the Memory Address Register (MAR)?
Answer
(B)
To hold the address of the memory location to be accessed.
36
In the context of street lighting control, what is the function of the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)?
Answer
(B)
To convert the light sensor's analog signal into a digital signal.
37
Which of the following is an example of a read operation from memory?
Answer
(B)
Fetching an instruction from memory.
38
What are the essential parts of a barcode?
Answer
(B)
2 dark lines and 2 light lines.
39
What is a significant disadvantage of HDDs?
Answer
(B)
Slower access times compared to SSDs.
40
What are the two main types of storage devices?
Answer
(B)
Primary and Secondary
41
What component in a digital camera is responsible for controlling the aperture?
Answer
(A)
The lens
42
What are the two main types of capacitive touchscreens?
Answer
(A)
Surface and Projective
43
What is a major potential drawback of using cloud storage?
Answer
(B)
Dependence on an internet connection.
44
What is the main advantage of using OLED technology over traditional LCD technology for displays?
Answer
(C)
Self-emissive pixels resulting in better contrast
45
What are the key functionalities offered by the digital camera?
Answer
A
C
D
46
What are the disadvantages of using a HDD?
Answer
A
B
D
47
What is the primary function of a 3D scanner?
Answer
(B)
To create a three-dimensional digital representation of an object.
48
In an ink-jet printer, what is the purpose of the print head?
Answer
(B)
To spray ink droplets onto the paper.
49
What is the primary function of an optical mouse's CMOS sensor?
Answer
(D)
To capture changes in the reflected light.
50
What is the primary goal of an anti-lock braking system (ABS)?
Answer
(B)
To prevent the wheels from locking up.