Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Data Representation (Section 5)
1
What is a fundamental difference between logical and arithmetic bit shifts?
Answer
(B)
Arithmetic shifts preserve the sign of the number.
2
What are the properties of high-frequency waves?
Answer
B
C
3
Which type of compression is generally preferred for archive files where data integrity is critical?
Answer
(D)
Lossless
4
How many bits are in a byte?
Answer
(C)
8
5
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 110101?
Answer
(A)
53
6
What does a sample rate of 44.1 kHz mean in audio recording?
Answer
(B)
44,100 samples are taken per second.
7
What is the result of shifting the binary number 1011 one position to the left?
Answer
(B)
10110
8
What is the range of values that can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit?
Answer
(C)
0-15
9
What is the hexadecimal representation of the decimal number 255?
Answer
(A)
FF
10
What does a logical right shift do to a binary number?
Answer
A
B
D
11
Which system uses letters A through F along with numbers 0-9?
Answer
(C)
Hexadecimal
12
What is the two's complement representation of -1 in an 8-bit system?
Answer
(B)
11111111
13
If an 8-bit register holds the value 00001010, and you perform a logical left shift, what is the resulting value?
Answer
(A)
00010100
14
What is the decimal equivalent of the two's complement binary number 11111110 (assuming an 8-bit representation)?
Answer
(A)
-2
15
What is the result of converting the hexadecimal number "2B" to decimal?
Answer
(C)
42
16
What is a characteristic of a lossy compression algorithm?
Answer
(C)
It reduces file size by discarding data.
17
In HTML color codes, the value 00 in the #RRGGBB format indicates:
Answer
(B)
No intensity of that color component.
18
Which bit in two's complement representation indicates the sign of the number?
Answer
(B)
The most significant bit (MSB)
19
What does a 'flag' do in RLE?
Answer
(A)
It marks the beginning of a compressed sequence.
20
Which of the following is a common hexadecimal color code format?
Answer
(A)
#RRGGBB
21
What is the relationship between the number of bits used to represent a sound sample (bit depth) and the quality of the sound?
Answer
(C)
A higher bit depth results in a more accurate representation of the sound.
22
What characterizes lossless compression algorithms?
Answer
(C)
They provide a perfect reconstruction of the original data.
23
What is the primary purpose of using error codes in a software system?
Answer
(B)
To identify and categorize errors.
24
Which of the following is an example of a lossless compression technique?
Answer
(C)
RLE
25
In an 8-bit system, what operation is needed to convert the two's complement representation of a negative number to its positive value?
Answer
(B)
Invert the bits and add 1.
26
What is the main advantage of using Unicode over ASCII?
Answer
(B)
Unicode can represent characters from all known writing systems.
27
What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?
Answer
(D)
16
28
What are the two key concepts the JPEG reduction process is based on?
Answer
(A)
Human eyes don't detect differences in colour shades quite as well, and they have differentness in image brightness.
29
What does the binary number 11111111 represent in an 8-bit system?
Answer
(D)
All of the above, depending on context.
30
What is the main objective of data compression techniques?
Answer
(B)
To reduce file size.
31
What is the relationship between file size and color depth?
Answer
(B)
As color depth increases, file size increases.
32
If an image has a resolution of 1000x500 pixels and a color depth of 8 bits per pixel, what is the total number of bytes required to store the uncompressed image data?
Answer
(A)
500000 bytes
33
Which of the following is an example of lossy compression?
Answer
(C)
MP3
34
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 10111?
Answer
(B)
22
35
Which number system is used to represent the on/off states of electronic components?
Answer
(B)
Binary
36
What is the largest decimal value that can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit?
Answer
(C)
15
37
What is the two's complement representation for -4 using a 4-bit system?
Answer
(A)
1100
38
If an audio file has a bit depth of 8, what does this mean?
Answer
(B)
Each audio sample is represented using 8 bits.
39
Which type of compression guarantees that the original data can be fully reconstructed?
Answer
(C)
Lossless
40
Consider this scenario: A software developer is using a microphone to record surface sounds for their new game. Identify the essential aspects for recording the sound?
Answer
A
C
41
What is the primary trade-off when using lossy compression?
Answer
(C)
Smaller file size versus potential data loss.
42
What are characteristics of lossy compression techniques?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
43
In sound representation, the process of converting analog sound waves into digital data is known as:
Answer
(B)
Sampling
44
Which type of compression would generally yield the smallest file size?
Answer
(C)
Lossy
45
What is the result of the hexadecimal calculation 10 - 5?
Answer
(A)
5
46
In computer science, what's the function of a computer's "switch" in relation to binary?
Answer
(B)
To represent a bit value of either 0 or 1.
47
What process is used to convert from hexadecimal to decimal?
Answer
(C)
Multiplying each hex digit by the base of 16 to its corresponding power and summing them.
48
What is the main advantage of using lossless compression?
Answer
(B)
Guaranteed data integrity.
49
What is the range of decimal numbers that can be represented using a single byte (8 bits)?
Answer
(B)
0-255
50
If you right-shift the binary number 1100, what is the result (assuming a logical shift)?
