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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Data Representation (Section 4)

1
Which component of a sound wave is associated with its pitch?
Answer
(C)
Frequency
2
What is the primary aim of using lossy compression?
Answer
(B)
Reducing file size.
3
What is the maximum value of a single hexadecimal digit?
Answer
(C)
15
4
What does the term 'MSB' stand for in computer science?
Answer
(B)
Most Significant Bit
5
What is a common use case for hexadecimal notation in computer graphics?
Answer
(A)
Specifying colors.
6
What best explains how the resolution affects image quality?
Answer
(D)
A higher resolution generally leads to a higher quality image.
7
What is the main advantage of two's complement for representing integers?
Answer
(B)
It simplifies arithmetic operations.
8
What is the result of shifting the binary number 1010 two places to the left?
Answer
(B)
1000
9
Which of the following are true about two's complement?
Answer
A
B
C
10
What is the key characteristic of a lossy compression algorithm?
Answer
(B)
It discards some data to reduce file size.
11
What does higher bit depth in audio signify?
Answer
A
B
12
What happens when a number is left-shifted in an 8-bit register and the MSB is a 1?
Answer
(D)
The value might be incorrect due to overflow.
13
What is the main advantage of using lossy compression over lossless compression?
Answer
(B)
Smaller file sizes
14
What value is represented by the HTML color code #FFFFFF?
Answer
(D)
White
15
If the two's complement representation of a signed 8-bit integer is 10000000, what is its decimal equivalent?
Answer
(C)
-128
16
How many bits does a byte typically contain?
Answer
(B)
8
17
What is the hexadecimal value for the decimal number 12?
Answer
(C)
C
18
What are the common uses for RLE compression?
Answer
A
B
D
19
What does the term 'channel' represent in audio recording, particularly in stereo sound?
Answer
(C)
A separate stream of audio information (e.g., left or right).
20
What does the amplitude of a sound wave represent?
Answer
(C)
The loudness or intensity of the sound.
21
What does the sampling rate of a sound refer to?
Answer
(B)
The number of times the sound wave is measured per second.
22
What is the smallest unit of memory in a computer?
Answer
(B)
Bit
23
If you have the hexadecimal value 7F, what is its decimal equivalent?
Answer
(A)
127
24
What is the decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number 2A?
Answer
(C)
40
25
What are the common uses of Run-Length Encoding (RLE)?
Answer
A
B
26
If a camera takes a photograph, what type of file is produced?
Answer
(B)
JPEG
27
What are the steps involved in converting a decimal number to binary using the method of repeated division?
Answer
(A)
Repeatedly divide the decimal number by 2, and the remainders, when read in reverse order, are the binary equivalent.
28
Which of the following affects the file size of a bitmap image?
Answer
A
B
29
What is the term for the number of bits used to represent each color component (red, green, blue) in a digital image?
Answer
(B)
Bit depth
30
What does the term 'colour depth' refer to in the context of bitmap images?
Answer
(B)
The number of colours that each pixel can represent.
31
Why is hexadecimal commonly used when representing color values, such as in HTML or CSS?
Answer
(B)
Because it provides a simple, easily understood representation of color components.
32
Which compression method is used to reduce the size of data while maintaining its original form?
Answer
(B)
Lossless
33
Which of the following statements are true regarding bit shifting?
Answer
A
B
C
34
What is a key advantage of using lossy compression algorithms?
Answer
(C)
Significantly smaller file sizes.
35
In hexadecimal, how many binary digits does a single digit represent?
Answer
(D)
4
36
What is the main advantage of using hexadecimal in place of binary?
Answer
(B)
Hexadecimal is shorter and easier for humans to read.
37
When converting binary numbers to hexadecimal values, how many binary digits are represented by each hex digit?
Answer
(D)
4
38
If the binary number 1010 is shifted right by one position, what is the result (assuming a logical right shift)?
Answer
(C)
0100
39
What decimal value corresponds to the hexadecimal digit 'D'?
Answer
(D)
13
40
What is the main characteristic of a lossless compression algorithm?
Answer
(A)
It guarantees the complete reconstruction of the original data.
41
What is the result of the binary addition 1111 + 0001?
Answer
(A)
10000
42
What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the decimal number 15?
Answer
(C)
F
43
What happens when a bit is shifted off the end of an 8-bit register during a left shift operation?
Answer
(A)
The bit is lost.
44
How many different values can be represented with a 4-bit binary number?
Answer
(C)
16
45
Which of the following are advantages of the hexadecimal system?
Answer
A
B
C
46
Which character set is most commonly used for encoding text in modern computers?
Answer
(B)
Unicode
47
In the context of computers, what does the term 'denary' most closely relate to?
Answer
(B)
Decimal numbers
48
Convert the decimal number 42 to hexadecimal.
Answer
(A)
2A
49
What is the purpose of using run-length encoding (RLE)?
Answer
(B)
To compress data by replacing repeated sequences with a shorter representation.
50
What is the main benefit of data compression?
Answer
A
D