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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Automated And Emerging Technologies (Section 5)

1
What does an expert system's knowledge base typically consist of?
Answer
(B)
A set of rules and facts.
2
What does the term 'automated system' mainly describe?
Answer
(B)
A system designed to function with minimal human intervention.
3
Which component is used by the expert system to solve the problem?
Answer
(C)
Inference engine
4
What is the role of 'training data' in machine learning?
Answer
(A)
To provide examples for the algorithm to learn from.
5
What is a key advantage of automated systems in the manufacture of paracetamol?
Answer
(B)
Reduced human error and more consistent results.
6
Which instrument is mainly used in an automated weather station to measure humidity?
Answer
(C)
Hygrometer
7
Which of the following is a disadvantage of rule-based expert systems?
Answer
(B)
Difficult to scale and maintain.
8
What are the key functions of machine learning in search engine optimization?
Answer
A
B
D
9
Which are characteristics of AI?
Answer
A
B
C
D
10
Which of the following are key parts in a typical automated system?
Answer
A
B
C
11
In the chemical process example, what is the signal that the reaction is complete?
Answer
(B)
A color change.
12
In what ways does machine learning benefit search engines?
Answer
A
B
D
13
In an automated process, what component often translates analog data into a format that can be read by a computer?
Answer
(C)
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC).
14
What is the role of the knowledge base in an expert system?
Answer
(C)
To contain all of the expert resources.
15
What type of problem is the detection of spam emails?
Answer
(A)
A classification problem.
16
What is the purpose of using robots in surgery?
Answer
(C)
To make operations safer and less invasive.
17
How do drones assist in farming?
Answer
(B)
Applying fertilizer more accurately.
18
What's the main purpose of the controller in the automated irrigation system?
Answer
(C)
To control the valves that release the water.
19
What are potential benefits of using machine learning in search engines?
Answer
A
B
C
20
What is an example of an application for robots in industry as mentioned in the text?
Answer
(C)
Welding car parts.
21
What type of devices do self-parking cars use to determine how close they are to other objects?
Answer
(C)
Ultrasonic sensors
22
What is the application of robots in agriculture?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
23
What is the advantage of autonomous trains to the customer?
Answer
(B)
Increased safety.
24
In agriculture, what is an example of what a robot can do?
Answer
(C)
Weed control
25
What are the main reasons that automated systems are utilized in nuclear power plants?
Answer
A
B
26
Which is a typical domain where automated systems are widely utilized?
Answer
(C)
Manufacturing.
27
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of autonomous cars?
Answer
(B)
Higher initial cost.
28
What is the main function of the 'microprocessor' within an automated system?
Answer
(C)
To process data and make control decisions.
29
In an automated system, which component typically controls the physical actions that affect the external environment?
Answer
(B)
Actuators
30
Which of the following factors is considered a key advantage of automated systems in agricultural applications?
Answer
(B)
Better control over irrigation processes.
31
What are the main elements in machine learning?
Answer
A
B
32
What are the main two components of robots?
Answer
A
B
33
Which statement best defines the difference between machine learning and AI?
Answer
(A)
Machine learning is a subset of AI.
34
In the manufacture of paracetamol, what is the role of the central computer?
Answer
(B)
To monitor and ensure the correct parameters are kept.
35
What is the advantage of using drones in agriculture regarding fertilizer application?
Answer
(C)
Drones make fertilizer application more efficient and reduce waste.
36
In the context of a self-parking car, the use of which technology is most essential for its operation?
Answer
(B)
Actuators.
37
What types of sensors are typically included on robots designed for phenotyping?
Answer
(B)
Spectral sensors and thermal cameras.
38
What is the purpose of actuators in the robots?
Answer
(C)
To perform physical actions.
39
In automated irrigation systems, what tool is used to collect the required weather conditions?
Answer
(D)
Weather station
40
What allows robots to do tasks?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
41
In a self-parking car, which components are required to provide data to the control system?
Answer
(B)
Sensors.
42
In the context of a search engine, what does 'learning' involve?
Answer
(A)
Analyzing data to identify user search patterns.
43
What are the uses of robots in the industries?
Answer
A
B
44
What is one role of robots in the field of weed control, as mentioned in the text?
Answer
(B)
Using sensors to guide an arm to remove the weeds.
45
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of an 'expert system'?
Answer
(B)
It can explain its reasoning.
46
What type of data does a drone use to determine the needs of a crop?
Answer
(B)
Thermal images.
47
Which area is explicitly mentioned as an example of industrial automation in the text?
Answer
(C)
Manufacturing
48
What are the key parts of an expert system?
Answer
A
B
D
49
What are the main characteristics to demonstrate AI in the robot?
Answer
A
C
D
50
What are the uses of drones?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.