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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Automated And Emerging Technologies (Section 3)

1
What role do 'sensors' play in an automated system?
Answer
(C)
To measure the environment.
2
What is one of the issues of autonomous cars?
Answer
(C)
High initial cost.
3
What is the use for the robots in the industries?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
4
What is machine learning?
Answer
(D)
All the above
5
What is the role of 'attributes' in expert systems?
Answer
(B)
To represent information about the objects.
6
In the case of autonomous trains, what is the advantage to the user?
Answer
(D)
Improved safety.
7
What type of robot is used for weed control?
Answer
(C)
A robot that removes the weeds.
8
Which of the following is a benefit of using automated systems in the context of online retail?
Answer
A
B
9
What environmental condition is measured by a thermometer in a weather station?
Answer
(B)
Temperature
10
Which term refers to a computer that relies on a collection of rules to draw conclusions?
Answer
(C)
An expert system.
11
What are the main advantages of the automated irrigation system?
Answer
A
C
D
12
What type of movement do robots have?
Answer
(A)
Twisting, grasping, and lifting.
13
What is a common disadvantage of rule-based expert systems?
Answer
(B)
They are difficult to scale and adapt.
14
Which factor is a notable gain from using automation in industrial settings?
Answer
(B)
Greater product quality.
15
What does a 'knowledge base' primarily contain in an expert system?
Answer
(B)
A collection of rules and facts.
16
In an automated lighting system, what type of sensors can be used to detect motion?
Answer
(D)
Both motion and infrared sensors
17
What are the main benefits of employing automated systems?
Answer
A
B
C
18
What is a key advantage of using an automated system in manufacturing?
Answer
(B)
Reduced production costs.
19
What is the function of a sensor in an automated system?
Answer
(C)
To convert physical parameters into electrical signals.
20
What distinguishes supervised learning from unsupervised learning?
Answer
(A)
Supervised learning uses labeled data; unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data.
21
What does the image not say about robots in agriculture?
Answer
(D)
Reduce the human error.
22
In an automated weather station, what is the instrument mainly used to determine the direction of the wind?
Answer
(D)
Wind vane
23
What are the possible benefits of utilizing automated systems in agriculture?
Answer
A
B
24
In an automated lighting system, what activates the light fixtures?
Answer
(C)
The light sensor's reading.
25
What is mentioned about the robots for weed control in agriculture?
Answer
(B)
They remove the weeds.
26
What does the knowledge base in the expert system store?
Answer
(C)
Rules and data.
27
What is the purpose of infrared sensors in a lighting control system?
Answer
(B)
To detect movement.
28
What is the advantage of autonomous trains?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
29
What is a common advantage of using automation in industrial applications?
Answer
(C)
Improved product quality.
30
Which components of an automated system are most involved in collecting data from its surrounding environment?
Answer
(C)
Sensors.
31
Which of the following is a characteristic of a good expert system?
Answer
A
B
C
32
In an expert system, what is the purpose of the user interface?
Answer
(B)
To facilitate interaction between the user and the system.
33
What is the process of observing physical characteristics of a plant in order to assess its health and growth called?
Answer
(B)
Phenotyping
34
What is a primary advantage of using machine learning in fraud detection?
Answer
(A)
It can automatically adapt to new fraudulent techniques.
35
What kind of the process is done in the learning phase of the machine learning?
Answer
(D)
All the above
36
In an automated lighting system, which type of sensor is NOT commonly used?
Answer
(C)
Sound sensors
37
What does a weather station's 'barometer' measure?
Answer
(D)
Atmospheric pressure
38
What are some of the components involved in automated self-parking cars?
Answer
A
B
D
39
What type of algorithm can be trained using past experiences and examples?
Answer
(C)
Machine learning algorithms.
40
What is the benefit of using an automated lighting system in a house?
Answer
(B)
Reduced energy consumption.
41
In the automated irrigation system, what triggers the automatic action?
Answer
(B)
The weather station.
42
What is a key characteristic of machine learning?
Answer
(B)
It aims to make machines that learn through data experiences.
43
Which of the following is an example of Narrow AI?
Answer
(B)
A machine that can outperform a human in a specific task.
44
In the context of an automated weather station, what does a hygrometer measure?
Answer
(A)
Humidity
45
What is the primary disadvantage of using automated systems in a nuclear power station?
Answer
(A)
High initial costs and the need for expert maintenance.
46
What is a common advantage of using an automated system?
Answer
(B)
Reduced operating costs.
47
What type of signals do sensors convert physical parameters into?
Answer
(B)
Electrical signals.
48
In the context of the text, what does the term "actuators" refer to?
Answer
(B)
The components that physically perform actions.
49
Where can robots be used for heavy tasks?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
50
What is the role of 'actuators' in an automated system?
Answer
(B)
To control the system's physical actions.