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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Automated And Emerging Technologies (Section 2)

1
What do expert systems rely on for their decision-making process?
Answer
(A)
User input and a knowledge base.
2
What is a key characteristic of automated systems?
Answer
(B)
They are designed to operate with minimal human intervention.
3
What is a key benefit of using autonomous trains?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
4
What does the AI learn by interacting with a human?
Answer
(B)
The information from environment and data it receives.
5
What type of robots can move around in the house and does household chores?
Answer
(A)
Domestic robots
6
What does the term "knowledge base" represent in the context of an expert system?
Answer
(A)
A collection of rules and facts.
7
Which of the following represents a key advantage of using automated systems in the manufacturing process?
Answer
(C)
It enhances product quality and consistency.
8
What is the primary purpose of a microcontroller in an automated system?
Answer
(C)
To process sensor inputs and control outputs.
9
In weed control, what type of action is performed by robots?
Answer
(C)
Remove weeds.
10
What are the benefits of machine learning in a search engine?
Answer
A
B
D
11
What is typically found in automated weather stations?
Answer
A
B
C
12
What is one advantage of autonomous trains?
Answer
(C)
Increased safety.
13
What are the benefits of using robots in the industry?
Answer
A
B
14
What is a typical impact of implementing automation on the quality of a product?
Answer
(C)
The product quality is normally higher.
15
What type of robot is used to entertain visitors to a park?
Answer
(A)
Thematic robots
16
In what application are automated systems frequently used for industrial purposes?
Answer
(B)
Manufacturing
17
What is the main goal of machine learning algorithms in search engines?
Answer
(C)
To personalize search results.
18
What tool is utilized to determine atmospheric pressure in an automated weather station?
Answer
(B)
Barometer.
19
In the context of an automated weather station, the term 'anemometer' is used to measure what?
Answer
(D)
Wind speed
20
What kind of signals do the sensors supply to an automated system?
Answer
(C)
Electrical signals.
21
What is the process that converts the data from sensors into an electrical signal?
Answer
(A)
Sensing
22
What is the function of the 'throttle' in a self-parking car?
Answer
(B)
To control the engine's power.
23
What is the primary purpose of 'attributes' in the context of an expert system?
Answer
(B)
To represent characteristics or properties of objects.
24
What is the key benefit of using robots in surgery?
Answer
(C)
To perform surgeries safer and less invasive.
25
What type of technology is used to help autonomous trains navigate?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
26
In an automated irrigation system, what enables the automatic control of the water supply?
Answer
(B)
Sensors and controllers.
27
What is a disadvantage of rule-based expert systems?
Answer
(C)
Difficult to update and maintain.
28
What is the function of 'actuators' in an automated system?
Answer
(C)
To perform actions and control the system's behavior.
29
What is an advantage of using robots in agriculture?
Answer
A
B
30
What are some of the sensors involved in an automated weather station?
Answer
A
B
C
31
What type of data is commonly used to train machine learning models?
Answer
(C)
Both labeled and unlabeled data.
32
In the context of a self-parking car, what is the most important factor for parking the car?
Answer
(B)
Sensors.
33
Which of the following is a common disadvantage of rule-based expert systems?
Answer
(C)
They are often difficult to maintain and update.
34
What is the function of a 'thermometer' in an automated weather station?
Answer
(B)
To measure temperature.
35
What is one of the key functions of robots in weed control?
Answer
(C)
Removing weeds.
36
In a self-parking car, what role does the 'accelerometer' play?
Answer
(C)
To gauge the acceleration and deceleration.
37
In what fields, as stated in the text, can expert systems be applied?
Answer
A
B
C
38
In the chemical process example, what is the role of the automated system?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
39
In what context does the text describe the use of expert systems?
Answer
A
C
40
In an automated system, what are the components that perform physical actions based on the instructions of the central processing unit (CPU)?
Answer
(B)
Actuators.
41
What is the role of the 'throttle' in a self-parking car?
Answer
(A)
To control the engine speed.
42
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of robots in industry?
Answer
(C)
Operating in hazardous conditions.
43
What is an example of a dependent robot mentioned in the text?
Answer
(D)
A human assisting in a surgery.
44
Which are the advantages of using automated systems in a nuclear power plant?
Answer
A
B
45
What is the main purpose of the sensors in an automated system?
Answer
(A)
To provide data about the environment.
46
What does an inference engine use to draw conclusions in an expert system?
Answer
(B)
The knowledge base and the rules.
47
In an automated weather station, what instrument is employed to measure atmospheric pressure?
Answer
(C)
Barometer
48
Which of the following is a defining feature of an expert system?
Answer
(A)
It can make decisions and provide explanations.
49
What is an advantage of using an automated system?
Answer
(B)
Reduced operational costs.
50
What kind of information do the sensors supply to the computer in the automated process?
Answer
(B)
Data