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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Transport In Plants (Section 4)

1
Which cells within a leaf are primarily responsible for photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
Mesophyll cells
2
Which of these conditions encourages the closing of stomata?
Answer
A
C
D
3
What is the name of the process by which water vapor is released from the leaves of a plant?
Answer
(B)
Transpiration
4
Which of the following describes the correct pathway of water movement from the soil to the xylem in the roots?
Answer
(A)
Soil -> Cortex -> Endodermis -> Xylem
5
What is the purpose of applying dye, such as red dye, to the cut stem of a celery stalk in the investigation shown?
Answer
(B)
To observe the pathway of water transport in the xylem.
6
What type of pressure is involved in the pressure-flow hypothesis for translocation?
Answer
(A)
Turgor pressure
7
What is the role of root pressure in water transport?
Answer
(B)
It is a minor contributor, pushing water a short distance.
8
Which of the following best explains the process of translocation?
Answer
(B)
The movement of sugars from sources to sinks via the phloem.
9
What type of cells are primarily responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in a plant?
Answer
(C)
Mesophyll cells
10
What is the term for the movement of water from the root hairs through the cortex to the xylem?
Answer
(D)
Water uptake
11
What is the main function of the cambium in a plant?
Answer
(C)
Producing new xylem and phloem cells
12
Which of the following is the primary driving force for water movement in the xylem?
Answer
(C)
Transpiration pull
13
What is the name of the force that helps water molecules stick to the walls of the xylem vessels?
Answer
(B)
Adhesion
14
What is the role of the stomata in a plant?
Answer
(C)
To regulate the exchange of gases and water vapor with the atmosphere.
15
How does the arrangement of vascular bundles contribute to a plant's transport system?
Answer
(A)
The vascular bundles allow water to move up the stem, carrying water and nutrients to all parts of the plant.
16
Which of the following conditions will lead to the highest rate of transpiration?
Answer
(B)
Low humidity, high light intensity, high wind speed
17
What is the main purpose of root hairs?
Answer
(B)
To increase the surface area for water and mineral absorption
18
How does increased wind speed affect the rate of water transpiration from a leaf?
Answer
(C)
Increased wind speed increases the rate of transpiration.
19
Which of the following factors directly influences the rate of transpiration?
Answer
A
B
C
20
Which of the following statements best describes the function of stomata?
Answer
(C)
They regulate the exchange of gases (CO2 and O2) and water vapor.
21
What are the key properties of water that are important for its role in plant transport?
Answer
A
B
22
What is the name of the cells that control the opening and closing of stomata?
Answer
(C)
Guard cells
23
What are the two main tissues involved in the transport of materials in plants?
Answer
(B)
Xylem and phloem
24
Which of the following would increase the rate of transpiration?
Answer
B
C
25
What is the function of the cuticle on the leaves?
Answer
(C)
To prevent water loss
26
What is the function of the xylem in a plant?
Answer
(B)
To transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
27
How does the concentration of solutes affect water potential?
Answer
(B)
Higher solute concentration decreases water potential
28
What is the role of companion cells in phloem?
Answer
(C)
They provide metabolic support to sieve tube elements.
29
Which of the following is transported in the pholem?
Answer
(C)
Sugars
30
What is the effect of increasing wind speed on the rate of transpiration?
Answer
(C)
Increases transpiration
31
What process is directly involved in the movement of water molecules into the xylem vessels of roots?
Answer
(B)
Osmosis
32
Which of the following correctly describes the function of xylem and phloem?
Answer
(B)
Xylem transports water and minerals, and phloem transports sugars.
33
What is the driving force behind the transpiration pull in plants?
Answer
(D)
Evaporation of water from the leaves
34
Which process does a plant use to absorb water?
Answer
(C)
Osmosis
35
Which of the following describes the role of root hairs?
Answer
(B)
To absorb water and minerals from the soil.
36
In the context of translocation, what is a 'sink'?
Answer
(B)
The location where sugars are stored or used.
37
Which tissue is responsible for the transport of water in plants?
Answer
(B)
Xylem
38
Which process is responsible for the movement of water and mineral ions through the xylem?
Answer
(D)
Transpiration stream
39
What would happen to a plant if the stomata were permanently closed?
Answer
A
B
C
40
How is the water potential of a plant affected by the concentration of solutes?
Answer
(B)
Higher solute concentration decreases water potential.
41
What are the main stages of water uptake in roots?
Answer
(C)
Active transport and osmosis.
42
What is the name of the tiny pores found on the surface of leaves that facilitate gas exchange?
Answer
(C)
Stomata
43
What is the role of lignin in xylem vessels?
Answer
(C)
To strengthen the vessel walls and prevent collapse.
44
What is the significance of the Casparian strip in the root endodermis?
Answer
(C)
It forces water and minerals to pass through endodermal cells, controlling their entry into the xylem.
45
What is the role of the endodermis in the root?
Answer
(B)
To regulate the entry of water and minerals into the xylem.
46
Which tissue in a plant is responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
Phloem
47
What is the primary function of the xylem tissue?
Answer
(C)
Transporting water and minerals.
48
Which of the following would decrease the rate of water uptake by a plant?
Answer
B
D
49
What type of cells make up the xylem tissue?
Answer
A
B
50
Which of the following environmental factors would increase the rate of transpiration?
Answer
A
C