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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Transport In Animals (Section 6)

1
Which component of blood does not have a nucleus?
Answer
(A)
Red blood cells
2
What are the main functions of blood?
Answer
A
B
D
3
What is a common symptom of a blocked coronary artery?
Answer
(B)
Chest pain
4
What is the primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?
Answer
(D)
To allow blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles.
5
What is the main difference between a phagocyte and a lymphocyte?
Answer
(B)
Phagocytes ingest pathogens, while lymphocytes produce antibodies.
6
Which of the following statements are true regarding red blood cells?
Answer
B
C
7
Which component of blood plays a crucial role in stopping blood loss?
Answer
(D)
Platelets
8
What happens when a bacteria or virus enters the body?
Answer
(B)
Lymphocytes make proteins called antibodies.
9
What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Answer
(B)
To measure the electrical activity of the heart.
10
Which type of blood vessel is the site of gas exchange in the body?
Answer
(C)
Capillaries.
11
What is the correct pathway taken by blood flowing through the human circulatory system?
Answer
(A)
body -> vena cava -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> lungs
12
Which lifestyle choice is MOST likely to reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease?
Answer
(C)
Regular physical activity
13
What is the role of a scab that forms on the skin?
Answer
(B)
To keep the cut clean.
14
What is the role of white blood cells in the body?
Answer
(C)
Defending against disease.
15
What is the role of lymphocytes in the immune system?
Answer
(C)
To produce antibodies.
16
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?
Answer
(C)
Vena cava
17
Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?
Answer
(D)
Excreting waste products
18
What are the small vessels that receive blood from the arteries called?
Answer
(C)
Arterioles
19
Which cell type plays a key role in blood clotting?
Answer
(C)
Platelets
20
What does the term 'immunity' refer to in the context of the body's defense system?
Answer
(C)
The state of being resistant to a particular disease.
21
What is the role of the enzyme in phagocytosis?
Answer
(B)
To digest pathogens in the food vacuoles
22
What is the role of cholesterol in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD)?
Answer
(C)
It can accumulate and block the arteries.
23
What is a major risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) that cannot be controlled?
Answer
(B)
Age
24
Where are white blood cells made?
Answer
(C)
In the bone marrow
25
What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
Answer
(A)
To transport oxygen.
26
Which of the following is a function of plasma?
Answer
(B)
To transport nutrients
27
What is the function of an enzyme in the context of phagocytosis?
Answer
(B)
To digest pathogens.
28
Which of the following is a major risk factor for CHD that can be controlled?
Answer
(C)
High blood pressure
29
What happens to blood vessels as a person ages?
Answer
(B)
They become narrower and less elastic.
30
What is the liquid portion of the blood called?
Answer
(B)
Plasma
31
Which of the following best describes the function of arteries?
Answer
(A)
To carry blood away from the heart
32
Which statement describes the flow of blood through the pulmonary circulation?
Answer
(A)
Right ventricle -> pulmonary artery -> lungs -> pulmonary vein -> left atrium
33
Which of the following is NOT a component of the human heart?
Answer
(D)
Lungs
34
What is the primary function of veins?
Answer
(B)
To transport blood towards the heart.
35
Which part of the blood contains antibodies?
Answer
(C)
Plasma
36
Which is NOT a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD)?
Answer
(C)
Regular exercise
37
Which of the following are components of plasma?
Answer
A
B
C
38
Which type of blood vessel has the thickest walls?
Answer
(A)
Arteries
39
What is the name of the liquid part of the blood that contains substances like nutrients and waste products?
Answer
(D)
Plasma
40
Where does blood become oxygenated?
Answer
(C)
In the lungs
41
What is the role of the ventricles in the heart?
Answer
(B)
Pumping blood out of the heart
42
What prevents blood from flowing backward in the heart?
Answer
(D)
The valves.
43
What is the meaning of the term 'diastole' in relation to the heart cycle?
Answer
(C)
Relaxation of the heart muscle
44
What type of white blood cell produces antibodies?
Answer
(B)
Lymphocytes
45
Which component of blood is a liquid part that contains nutrients, waste products, and hormones?
Answer
(D)
Plasma
46
In a mammal, what type of circulation is present?
Answer
(C)
Double circulation.
47
What happens to heart rate during exercise?
Answer
(B)
It increases to supply more oxygen and glucose.
48
What is the function of an antibody?
Answer
(C)
To attack pathogens.
49
What is the role of the pulmonary veins?
Answer
(B)
To carry oxygenated blood from the lungs.
50
What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node?
Answer
(C)
To initiate the heartbeat.