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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Transport In Animals (Section 4)

1
Which of the following lifestyle changes can help prevent CHD?
Answer
A
B
C
2
Which blood vessels have the thickest walls?
Answer
(A)
Arteries
3
What is the effect of high blood pressure on arteries?
Answer
(C)
Can damage and weaken them.
4
What is the role of the atrioventricular valves?
Answer
(B)
Preventing blood flow from ventricles to atria
5
In which blood vessel is the blood pressure the lowest?
Answer
(B)
Veins
6
Which component of blood is responsible for fighting infection?
Answer
(B)
White blood cells
7
What is the role of valves in the circulatory system?
Answer
(B)
To ensure unidirectional blood flow
8
What are the risk factors associated with CHD?
Answer
A
B
D
9
Which of the following are methods of reducing the risk of CHD?
Answer
B
C
D
10
What are some of the major risk factors for CHD?
Answer
A
B
C
D
11
Which part of the heart pumps blood to the entire body?
Answer
(D)
Left ventricle
12
What does the term 'oxyhaemoglobin' mean?
Answer
(B)
Hemoglobin that is transporting oxygen.
13
What is the result of a pathogen being engulfed by a phagocyte?
Answer
(B)
The pathogen is digested
14
The red color of blood is primarily due to the presence of:
Answer
(C)
Hemoglobin
15
What component of blood makes up the largest percentage of blood volume?
Answer
(C)
Plasma
16
What is carried by red blood cells, to the lungs?
Answer
(A)
Carbon Dioxide
17
Which dietary change is most beneficial for heart health?
Answer
(D)
Reducing saturated fat intake.
18
What is the term for the buildup of plaque in arteries?
Answer
(B)
Atherosclerosis
19
In the context of defense, what role do lymphocytes play?
Answer
(B)
Producing antibodies
20
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body back to the heart?
Answer
(B)
Superior vena cava
21
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for CHD?
Answer
(C)
Smoking
22
Which of the following is a characteristic of veins?
Answer
(B)
Presence of valves
23
What shape are red blood cells adapted for absorbing oxygen efficiently?
Answer
(C)
Disc-shaped
24
What is the name of the valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Answer
(C)
Bicuspid valve
25
What is the role of the coronary arteries?
Answer
(B)
To supply blood to the heart muscle.
26
What is the significance of a high LDL cholesterol level?
Answer
(B)
It increases the risk of atherosclerosis.
27
In blood clotting, what does the fibrin do?
Answer
(C)
Form a meshwork to trap blood cells
28
What is the best way to reduce the risk of CHD?
Answer
A
B
C
29
Which component of blood plays a role in blood clotting?
Answer
(C)
Platelets
30
What is an antibody?
Answer
(B)
A protein that identifies and attacks pathogens
31
What are the main symptoms of a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?
Answer
A
B
D
32
What is the function of antibodies?
Answer
(C)
To neutralize pathogens
33
What is the purpose of the tricuspid valve?
Answer
(D)
To prevent blood from flowing back into the right ventricle.
34
What are the functions of plasma?
Answer
A
B
C
35
Which factor is most likely to increase blood pressure?
Answer
(C)
Smoking
36
What is/are the key processes in the body that are assisted by platelets?
Answer
C
D
37
Which cells are considered phagocytes?
Answer
(B)
White blood cells
38
What type of white blood cells are involved in the formation of antibodies?
Answer
(B)
Lymphocytes
39
What is the role of the coronary arteries?
Answer
(B)
To supply blood to the heart muscle
40
Which of the following is a key symptom of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?
Answer
(C)
Chest Pain
41
Which of the following are associated with the benefits of exercise on cardiovascular health?
Answer
A
B
D
42
What are the consequences of an obstruction in a coronary artery?
Answer
A
B
43
What is a major lifestyle change that helps to reduce the risk of heart disease?
Answer
(C)
Quitting smoking.
44
In the process of blood clotting, what does 'fibrinogen' get converted into?
Answer
(B)
Fibrin
45
Which of these components are involved in blood clotting?
Answer
A
B
C
46
Where are white blood cells made?
Answer
(B)
In the bone marrow
47
What is the process called where white blood cells engulf pathogens?
Answer
(B)
Phagocytosis
48
What is the name of the small vessels that branch off from the arterioles?
Answer
(B)
Capillaries
49
What is a major advantage of a double circulation system?
Answer
(D)
The blood is kept at a high pressure to the body tissues.
50
What does 'pulse rate' measure?
Answer
(C)
The number of times the heart beats per minute.