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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Transport In Animals (Section 1)

1
What is angina?
Answer
(B)
Chest pain due to lack of oxygen to the heart
2
What is the purpose of the food vacuole that forms inside a phagocyte?
Answer
(C)
To digest the pathogen
3
Which of the following are found in plasma?
Answer
B
C
4
What type of molecule are antibodies?
Answer
(B)
Proteins
5
What can be measured to indicate the efficiency of the cardiovascular system?
Answer
(B)
Pulse rate
6
Which cell type is primarily responsible for the formation of a blood clot?
Answer
(B)
Platelets
7
What is the name of the pumping chambers of the heart?
Answer
(B)
Ventricles
8
Which type of blood cell is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?
Answer
(C)
Red blood cells
9
What is the function of 'oxyhaemoglobin'?
Answer
(C)
Transporting oxygen
10
What condition results from the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries?
Answer
(B)
Atherosclerosis
11
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the cardiac cycle?
Answer
(C)
Atrial systole -> ventricular systole -> atrial diastole -> ventricular diastole
12
Which of the following is an example of a white blood cell?
Answer
(C)
Leukocyte
13
What are the two main types of white blood cells?
Answer
A
C
14
Which of these are long-term effects of uncontrolled high blood pressure?
Answer
A
B
C
15
What are the essential components of blood that are visible with the light microscope?
Answer
B
D
16
What is the purpose of an ECG?
Answer
A
B
17
What is the correct sequence of events during blood clotting?
Answer
(A)
Fibrinogen -> Fibrin -> Clot formation
18
What are some of the long-term effects of atherosclerosis?
Answer
A
B
C
19
Which of the following best describes the pathway of blood through the heart and lungs?
Answer
(A)
Right atrium -> right ventricle -> lungs -> left atrium -> left ventricle
20
What is the function of capillaries?
Answer
(D)
To facilitate gas exchange and nutrient delivery to cells
21
What lifestyle change is MOST likely to reduce blood pressure?
Answer
(B)
Regular exercise
22
Which of the following is a function of plasma?
Answer
(C)
To transport nutrients
23
Which of the following is a symptom of angina?
Answer
(C)
Chest pain
24
What is the role of the bicuspid valve (mitral valve)?
Answer
(B)
To prevent blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
25
What are the main advantages of a double circulatory system?
Answer
A
B
26
What is the function of arterioles?
Answer
(B)
To regulate blood flow into capillaries
27
What structure separates the left and right atria?
Answer
(A)
The septum
28
Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?
Answer
(D)
Saliva
29
Which vessels transport blood from the left ventricle?
Answer
(B)
Aorta
30
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heart?
Answer
(B)
Diastole
31
What is the main function of the ventricles in the heart?
Answer
(B)
To pump blood out of the heart.
32
What are the key advantages of a double circulatory system?
Answer
B
C
D
33
What is the main function of the septum in the heart?
Answer
(B)
To separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
34
What is the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?
Answer
(B)
To initiate the heartbeat
35
What is the main cause of atherosclerosis?
Answer
(B)
High blood cholesterol
36
Which blood vessel carries blood from the body back to the right atrium?
Answer
(C)
Vena cava
37
Which of the following is a characteristic of red blood cells that helps them transport oxygen effectively?
Answer
(B)
No nucleus
38
What is the purpose of the aortic valve?
Answer
(B)
To prevent blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.
39
What is the name of the condition where arteries become hardened and narrowed due to plaque buildup?
Answer
(B)
Atherosclerosis
40
Which of the following are involved in defending the body against disease?
Answer
B
D
41
What is the name of the condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs?
Answer
(C)
Heart failure
42
Which of the following events occurs during exercise?
Answer
A
B
D
43
What happens after a person has had a disease, in terms of lymphocyte activity?
Answer
(B)
Lymphocytes remain to produce more antibodies.
44
Which type of white blood cell ingests pathogens through phagocytosis?
Answer
(C)
Phagocytes
45
What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart's function?
Answer
(B)
To initiate the heartbeat.
46
What is the name of the insoluble protein that forms the meshwork of fibers in a blood clot?
Answer
(B)
Fibrin
47
What is the name of the valve that controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery?
Answer
(D)
Pulmonary valve
48
What are the roles of the red blood cells?
Answer
A
D
49
During which phase of the cardiac cycle does blood enter the atria?
Answer
(B)
Ventricular diastole
50
What does the term "immunity" refer to?
Answer
(B)
The body's resistance to a disease