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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Plant Nutrition (Section 7)

1
What is the role of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
To produce ATP and NADPH
2
What is the role of nitrate ions in plant nutrition?
Answer
(B)
To make amino acids
3
During photosynthesis, where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
Answer
(B)
Grana (thylakoids)
4
What is the main purpose of veins in leaves?
Answer
(B)
To provide structural support and transport water and minerals
5
What is the main function of the mesophyll cells in a leaf?
Answer
(D)
To perform photosynthesis
6
In the starch test, why is the leaf rinsed with hot water after it has been boiled in ethanol?
Answer
(C)
To rehydrate the leaf.
7
What could be the consequences of a leaf's stomata closing?
Answer
A
B
C
8
What is the primary function of the phloem in the leaf?
Answer
(D)
To transport sugars produced during photosynthesis
9
Which of the following is most directly involved in regulating the opening and closing of stomata?
Answer
(B)
Guard cells
10
In the experiment with the indicator solution and the pondweed, what gas is being produced in the presence of light?
Answer
(C)
Oxygen
11
Which of the following cell types within a leaf is primarily responsible for carrying out photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
Palisade mesophyll cells
12
What does the term 'chlorosis' describe?
Answer
(A)
Yellowing of leaves
13
What is the adaptive advantage of a leaf's thin shape?
Answer
(B)
Efficient gas exchange
14
In the experiment using the hydrogen carbonate indicator, what color change indicates an increase in carbon dioxide?
Answer
(A)
Red to yellow
15
What process occurs in the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)?
Answer
(C)
Carbon dioxide is converted into glucose.
16
Which of the following events takes place during the light-dependent reactions?
Answer
(B)
Water molecules are split.
17
Which of the following is NOT a role of the veins within a leaf?
Answer
(C)
Facilitate gas exchange
18
What is the function of phloem in a leaf?
Answer
(C)
Carry products of photosynthesis
19
Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
Glucose
20
Which specific type of cell within the leaf is packed tightly together near the upper surface to maximize light absorption?
Answer
(B)
Palisade mesophyll cells
21
What is the role of the spongy mesophyll layer in a leaf?
Answer
(A)
Facilitate gas exchange
22
What is the relationship between the rate of photosynthesis and the concentration of carbon dioxide?
Answer
(B)
As CO2 increases, photosynthesis increases up to a point then plateaus.
23
Which part of a leaf is associated with carrying water up the stem?
Answer
(D)
Veins
24
How can growers in a greenhouse improve the rate of photosynthesis in their plants?
Answer
A
B
C
D
25
In the experiment to test for starch in a leaf, what is the purpose of boiling the leaf in water?
Answer
(B)
To kill the leaf and stop its metabolic processes
26
What effect does magnesium deficiency have on a plant?
Answer
(A)
Reduced photosynthesis
27
What is the purpose of adding sodium hydrogencarbonate to water in the oxygen production experiment?
Answer
(C)
To provide a source of carbon dioxide.
28
Where does the Calvin cycle take place within the chloroplast?
Answer
(C)
Stroma
29
What is the primary goal of the light-dependent reactions?
Answer
(C)
To create ATP and NADPH
30
What is the function of the cuticle on the leaf surface?
Answer
(B)
To prevent water loss
31
Which of the following is an example of a greenhouse used to optimize conditions for photosynthesis?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
32
What do guard cells do during the day?
Answer
(B)
They open the stomata to allow for gas exchange.
33
What is the role of stomata in the process of photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
To allow gas exchange (CO2 in, O2 out)
34
What is the importance of photosynthesis to most ecosystems?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
35
What is the primary function of the stomata in a leaf?
Answer
(C)
To allow gases to diffuse in and out
36
Which of the following would be a result of decreased CO2 concentration available to a plant?
Answer
(C)
Decreased rate of photosynthesis.
37
How does the concentration of carbon dioxide affect photosynthesis?
Answer
(A)
Increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a point.
38
What is the main function of the veins in a leaf?
Answer
(B)
To transport water and nutrients
39
If a plant is kept in complete darkness, what process will cease immediately?
Answer
(C)
Photosynthesis
40
Which of the following would be true for a plant that is being photosynthesized with a high concentration of carbon dioxide?
Answer
(B)
Rate of photosynthesis will be high
41
Which of the following is a waste product of photosynthesis?
Answer
(D)
Oxygen
42
What happens to the oxygen produced during photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
It is released into the atmosphere.
43
Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of enzymes in photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
They speed up the chemical reactions.
44
What products are used for the photosynthesis to produce glucose?
Answer
A
C
45
Which of the following are factors that limit the rate of photosynthesis?
Answer
A
B
D
46
What gas is absorbed by the leaf during photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
Carbon dioxide
47
What is the expected impact on a plant lacking nitrate ions?
Answer
(C)
Reduced protein production
48
In the Calvin cycle, what is the role of ATP and NADPH?
Answer
(B)
To provide energy for the cycle.
49
Which of the following are involved in gas exchange in a leaf?
Answer
A
B
D
50
What is the role of nitrate ions in plant growth?
Answer
(A)
Making proteins