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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Plant Nutrition (Section 3)

1
What is the role of the thylakoid membranes?
Answer
(D)
To house the chlorophyll and the light-dependent reactions.
2
In photosynthesis, the source of oxygen is:
Answer
(C)
Water
3
What are the main factors that control the rate of photosynthesis?
Answer
A
B
C
4
Which of the following is the most direct product of the light-independent reactions?
Answer
(B)
Glucose
5
Which of the following is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
CO2 + H2O -> C6H12O6 + O2
6
Which structures are involved in gas exchange in leaves?
Answer
B
D
7
Which of the following is a key function of the veins in a leaf?
Answer
(B)
To provide structural support and transport
8
Which of the following is a function of the veins in a leaf?
Answer
(B)
To transport water and minerals
9
What is the function of the phloem in a leaf?
Answer
(C)
Transporting sugars
10
Where is chlorophyll located in the plant cell?
Answer
(B)
In the chloroplasts.
11
What are the raw materials needed for photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
Light energy, carbon dioxide and water
12
What is the main function of the palisade mesophyll in a leaf?
Answer
(B)
Absorbing sunlight
13
Which of the following will cause the stomata to open?
Answer
(C)
An increase in water concentration
14
What is the role of stomata in the process of photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
To facilitate the intake of carbon dioxide
15
Which of the following is a sign of magnesium deficiency?
Answer
(B)
Yellow leaves
16
Which of the following is NOT a product of the light-dependent reactions?
Answer
(D)
Glucose
17
What is the main purpose of the stomata?
Answer
(C)
To exchange gases
18
In the context of photosynthesis, what does 'limiting factor' mean?
Answer
(C)
A factor that slows down photosynthesis because it's in short supply.
19
Which type of cells in a leaf have the most chloroplasts?
Answer
(C)
Palisade mesophyll cells
20
Which of the following is required for photosynthesis?
Answer
(A)
Chlorophyll
21
Which of the following does not occur during photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
Conversion of glucose to sucrose
22
What is the main function of the waxy cuticle on a leaf?
Answer
(B)
To protect the leaf from water loss
23
What is the source of oxygen produced during photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
Water
24
What is the primary adaptation that allows leaves to absorb light for photosynthesis?
Answer
(A)
A large surface area
25
How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
The rate increases up to an optimum temperature, then decreases.
26
What is the function of the xylem in a leaf?
Answer
(B)
Transporting water and mineral ions
27
What happens to the energy captured during the light-dependent reactions?
Answer
(C)
It is converted to ATP and NADPH for use in the Calvin cycle.
28
Which of the following best describes the role of mineral ions in plant nutrition?
Answer
A
B
C
29
What are the gases that diffuse in and out of the leaf tissues through the stomata?
Answer
(B)
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
30
What is a characteristic of the leaves that helps with the photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
Thin shape
31
What part of the plant is responsible for absorbing water and minerals?
Answer
(C)
The roots
32
What happens to stomata when there is a high concentration of water in the guard cells?
Answer
(B)
They open
33
What is the main function of the xylem in a leaf?
Answer
(B)
Transporting water and mineral ions to leaf cells.
34
Which of the following can act as a limiting factor in photosynthesis?
Answer
A
B
C
35
In which part of the leaf does most photosynthesis take place?
Answer
(C)
The palisade mesophyll
36
How does increasing the light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis, up to a certain point?
Answer
(C)
It increases the rate of photosynthesis.
37
What would be the effect of a plant not having access to water?
Answer
(B)
The plant will not be able to photosynthesize
38
What is the main way to replace missing nutrients?
Answer
(C)
Adding fertiliser
39
What is the name of the cells that regulate the opening and closing of the stomata?
Answer
(C)
Guard cells
40
Which of the following is a key feature that allows leaves to absorb light efficiently?
Answer
(B)
Many chloroplasts in palisade mesophyll
41
Which mineral ion is essential for the production of chlorophyll?
Answer
(C)
Magnesium
42
What is the role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin cycle?
Answer
(C)
To provide energy and reducing power.
43
What does the xylem transport in a plant?
Answer
(B)
Water and minerals
44
In the context of photosynthesis, what is 'photorespiration'?
Answer
(A)
A process where plants consume oxygen
45
What is a limiting factor in photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
A factor that, when in short supply, reduces the rate of photosynthesis.
46
What happens to a plant if there is a magnesium deficiency?
Answer
(B)
Leaves will turn yellow
47
What controls the opening and closing of stomata?
Answer
(C)
Guard cells
48
What happens to the guard cells in the presence of water?
Answer
(C)
They swell and become turgid.
49
What is the role of the stroma in a chloroplast?
Answer
(C)
To house the light-independent reactions
50
What are the main products of photosynthesis?
Answer
(C)
Glucose and oxygen