Biology for IGCSE & O level - Movement Into And Out Of Cells (Section 4)
1
What is the definition of a partially permeable membrane?
Answer(C)
A membrane that allows only small molecules to pass through but restricts the passage of larger molecules.
2
Which of these processes always requires energy?
3
Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution?
Answer(D)
A solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell.
4
What is the main purpose of active transport in cells?
Answer(B)
To maintain the correct concentration of ions and molecules inside the cell.
5
What is the relationship between temperature and the rate of diffusion?
Answer(D)
As temperature increases, the rate of diffusion increases.
6
If a cell is placed in an environment where the solute concentration is higher outside the cell than inside, what will happen?
Answer(B)
Water will move out of the cell.
7
What is a key difference between active transport and passive transport?
Answer(A)
Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not.
8
A red blood cell is placed in distilled water. What will most likely happen?
9
What effect does an increase in temperature have on the rate of diffusion?
Answer(C)
It increases the rate of diffusion.
10
What is the role of carrier proteins in facilitating the movement of molecules across a membrane?
Answer(C)
To bind to a molecule and change shape to transport it across the membrane.
11
What effect does the size of the molecule have on the rate of diffusion?
Answer(C)
Smaller molecules diffuse faster.
12
What is the role of ATP in active transport?
Answer(A)
It provides the energy to move molecules.
13
How does active transport differ from facilitated diffusion?
Answer(B)
Active transport requires energy, while facilitated diffusion does not.
14
How does the concentration gradient affect the rate of diffusion?
Answer(D)
A steep concentration gradient leads to a faster rate of diffusion.
15
What type of transport does not require the use of transport proteins?
16
Which of the following does NOT require a semi-permeable membrane?
17
Which of the following is an example of a semi-permeable membrane?
18
Which of the following processes is not a form of passive transport?
19
A student is investigating the effect of temperature on diffusion. Which of the following variables should the student control?
20
In which scenarios is osmosis most important for plant cells?
21
In the experiment measuring the effect of temperature on diffusion, the rate of diffusion would be best measured by:
Answer(A)
The time taken for a substance to diffuse a certain distance
22
What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells, especially in relation to osmosis?
Answer(C)
To provide support and prevent the cell from bursting due to excessive water intake.
23
How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?
Answer(D)
Higher temperatures increase the rate of diffusion.
24
Which of the following is an example of active transport?
Answer(C)
Sodium-potassium pump across the cell membrane.
25
What is the main difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?
Answer(D)
Facilitated diffusion moves molecules down a concentration gradient, while active transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient.
26
What happens to a plant cell in a hypotonic solution?
27
Which process allows large molecules to enter or exit a cell?
Answer(D)
Endocytosis and exocytosis
28
If a plant cell is in a solution that has a higher water potential than the plant cell, what will happen to the plant cell?
Answer(C)
The cell will become turgid.
29
What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?
30
What type of molecules is involved in facilitated diffusion?
31
What is the role of channel proteins in facilitated diffusion?
Answer(C)
To create a pathway for specific molecules to cross the membrane.
32
What type of transport requires energy?
33
What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells regarding osmosis?
Answer(C)
It provides support and prevents the cell from bursting.
34
What would you expect to find in a turgid plant cell?
Answer(B)
The vacuole is full of water.
35
Which of the following is an example of a hypertonic solution relative to a cell?
Answer(C)
A solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell cytoplasm.
36
What will happen if a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?
Answer(B)
The cell will become plasmolysed.
37
What term describes the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane?
38
Which of the following statements best describes the movement of molecules during diffusion?
Answer(B)
Molecules move randomly, with the overall net movement from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
39
Which of the following is most likely to diffuse directly through a cell membrane?
Answer(C)
Small, nonpolar molecules
40
A red blood cell is placed in a solution, and it shrinks. What type of solution is it?
41
Answer(A)
The pressure exerted by the cell contents against the cell wall in a plant cell.
42
Which type of transport is used to take up large molecules into a cell?
43
What is the role of the cell membrane in osmosis?
Answer(C)
It acts as a semi-permeable barrier, allowing water to pass through while restricting solute movement.
44
How are carrier proteins involved in active transport?
Answer(B)
They bind to the molecules being transported and use ATP to move them across the membrane.
45
What is the role of carrier proteins in active transport?
Answer(B)
To bind to the molecules and facilitate their movement across the membrane.
46
Which statement is correct regarding the movement of molecules during diffusion?
Answer(A)
Molecules move randomly, with a net movement from high to low concentration.
47
Which of the following best describes the term 'osmotic pressure'?
Answer(A)
The pressure exerted by water moving into a cell.
48
Which of the following is directly involved in active transport across a cell membrane?
49
If a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen?
Answer(C)
The cell will become turgid.
50
What is the term for the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane?
