Biology for IGCSE & O level - Movement Into And Out Of Cells (Section 3)
1
In what type of environment is a plant cell most likely to experience plasmolysis?
2
Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
3
Which conditions are necessary for osmosis to occur?
4
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the direction of osmosis?
Answer(A)
Water moves from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
5
What process is responsible for the movement of large particles into a cell?
6
What type of transport uses ATP to move molecules across a membrane?
7
Which of the following best describes osmosis?
Answer(C)
The movement of water molecules from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential across a semi-permeable membrane.
8
What is the effect of placing a plant cell in a solution that has the same water potential as the cell?
Answer(C)
There will be no net movement of water.
9
Which type of transport is involved in the movement of sodium ions out of a nerve cell?
10
Which of the following is an example of a plant cell undergoing plasmolysis?
Answer(B)
A plant cell placed in a concentrated salt solution.
11
What is the main function of transport proteins?
Answer(C)
To facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane.
12
Which of the following are required for osmosis to occur?
13
What is the main difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
Answer(A)
Endocytosis brings materials into the cell, while exocytosis releases materials from the cell.
14
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
Answer(C)
To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
15
What do carrier proteins and channel proteins have in common?
16
Which of the following statements best describes active transport?
17
How does the presence of transport proteins affect the movement of molecules across a cell membrane?
Answer(B)
They allow only certain molecules to cross the membrane.
18
What is the main purpose of exocytosis?
Answer(B)
To secrete materials from the cell.
19
Which term describes a plant cell with a firm, full cytoplasm?
20
Which of the following are types of passive transport?
21
What role do transport proteins play in a cell membrane?
Answer(C)
They facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the membrane.
22
Which of the following does NOT directly require a concentration gradient to function?
23
What processes are essential for maintaining cell function and homeostasis?
24
Which term describes the loss of water from a plant cell, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall?
25
What will happen to a cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution?
26
Which of the following best describes the process of plasmolysis?
Answer(B)
The shrinking of a plant cell as the cytoplasm pulls away from the cell wall.
27
Which of the following is an example of active transport?
Answer(C)
Sodium ions being pumped out of a cell.
28
How does the presence of a higher concentration of solute outside a cell affect the water potential inside the cell?
Answer(B)
It decreases the water potential inside the cell.
29
If a plant cell is placed in an isotonic solution, what will happen?
Answer(C)
The cell will stay the same size.
30
Which of the following statements best describes the role of the cell wall in a plant cell during osmosis?
Answer(C)
The cell wall prevents the cell from bursting due to excessive water uptake.
31
Which term describes a cell losing water and shrinking away from the cell wall?
32
What happens to a plant cell in an isotonic solution?
Answer(C)
The cell remains unchanged and flaccid.
33
How does the temperature affect the rate of diffusion?
Answer(A)
Higher temperatures increase the rate of diffusion.
34
Which processes can be used to take up large molecules?
35
Which of the following statements accurately describes the function of active transport?
Answer(A)
It moves molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.
36
Which type of transport moves substances against their concentration gradient?
37
What would result in a cell losing water to its surrounding environment?
38
Which of the following is a key difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Answer(C)
Facilitated diffusion requires carrier proteins, while diffusion does not.
39
Which factors can affect the rate of diffusion?
40
Which of the following is the primary way in which gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide move across cell membranes?
41
What is the effect of a high concentration of solute on water potential?
Answer(B)
It decreases the water potential.
42
What type of membrane transport does not require a concentration gradient?
43
How does the presence of a solute affect the water potential of a solution?
Answer(B)
Solutes decrease water potential.
44
Which factors can affect the rate of osmosis?
45
Which factors influence the rate of diffusion?
46
What is the role of water potential in osmosis?
Answer(B)
It determines the direction of water movement across a membrane.
47
What happens to a red blood cell when placed in a hypertonic solution?
Answer(D)
The cell crenates (shrinks).
48
Which process allows cells to take in large amounts of material quickly, without requiring specific carrier proteins?
49
What is the effect of increased solute concentration on water potential?
Answer(B)
It decreases the water potential.
50
Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
