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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Human Nutrition (Section 5)

1
Which of the following is a key role of vitamin B?
Answer
(C)
Energy Production
2
Which of these food groups should form the smallest proportion of your diet?
Answer
(D)
Fats, oils, and sugars
3
Which of the following events occur during swallowing?
Answer
A
B
C
4
Which of the following is a key function of the stomach lining?
Answer
(B)
To secrete gastric juice
5
Which of these foods contains a high concentration of protein?
Answer
(C)
Meat
6
What is the correct order of the phases of digestion?
Answer
(A)
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, egestion
7
Which type of nutrient is primarily used for energy storage?
Answer
(B)
Fats
8
Which of the following statements are true about the digestion of proteins?
Answer
B
C
D
9
What is contained within the gastric juice?
Answer
B
C
D
10
What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
Answer
(B)
To kill bacteria and activate pepsin.
11
Which of the following is a key role of Vitamin K?
Answer
(B)
Blood Clotting
12
What substances are absorbed in the small intestine?
Answer
A
B
C
D
13
What is a common symptom of a lack of iron?
Answer
(B)
Anemia
14
What does peristalsis facilitate?
Answer
(C)
The movement of food through the digestive system
15
What is the role of the small intestine in digestion?
Answer
(A)
The primary site for absorption of nutrients.
16
Which of the following is an effect of fiber on health?
Answer
A
B
C
17
What is the purpose of villi in the small intestine?
Answer
(B)
To increase the surface area for absorption.
18
Which of the following is a result of the process of digestion?
Answer
(A)
Large molecules becoming smaller.
19
What happens to the food after it leaves the stomach?
Answer
(C)
It enters the small intestine.
20
Which of the following are produced by the liver?
Answer
(B)
Bile
21
What is the main source of energy for the human body?
Answer
(C)
Carbohydrates
22
Where is gastric juice produced?
Answer
(C)
Stomach
23
Which enzyme breaks down starch into maltose?
Answer
(C)
Amylase
24
Which part of a tooth covers the crown?
Answer
(B)
Enamel
25
Which of the following is/are a role of the kidneys?
Answer
A
B
D
26
What process is involved in the breakdown of large food molecules into smaller, soluble molecules?
Answer
(B)
Digestion
27
What is the role of pepsin?
Answer
(B)
To break down proteins.
28
What enzymes are produced by the pancreas?
Answer
A
B
D
29
What is the end product of starch digestion?
Answer
(D)
Maltose
30
Which of the following enzymes breaks down starch?
Answer
(B)
Amylase
31
What is the name of the hard, outer layer of a tooth?
Answer
(B)
Enamel
32
Which of the following can result from a lack of dietary fiber?
Answer
(A)
Constipation
33
The process of emulsification is most closely associated with which of the following substances?
Answer
(C)
Bile
34
Which process is responsible for moving the food bolus down the oesophagus?
Answer
(C)
Peristalsis
35
What is the main role of canines in the mouth?
Answer
(B)
Tearing food.
36
What are the key roles of the stomach in the digestive process?
Answer
A
B
C
37
What is the name of the first part of the small intestine?
Answer
(C)
Duodenum
38
In the context of nutrition, what is a 'serving'?
Answer
(A)
A standardized amount of food
39
What is the main cause of dental cavities?
Answer
(B)
Consumption of too much sugar
40
Which of the following processes takes place during chewing and swallowing?
Answer
A
B
C
D
41
Which of the following is NOT a source of complex carbohydrates?
Answer
(A)
Fruits
42
What is the main function of saliva in the mouth during digestion?
Answer
(C)
To moisten food and begin starch digestion.
43
What is the primary function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
Answer
(C)
To denature proteins and kill bacteria.
44
Which of the following is a potential long-term consequence of consistently low intake of essential nutrients?
Answer
(C)
Chronic diseases.
45
Where does the digestion of proteins occur?
Answer
B
C
46
Which type of tooth is best for grinding food?
Answer
(C)
Premolars and Molars
47
What are the key components of pancreatic juice?
Answer
A
B
D
48
What is the name of the liquid that is released by the pancreas into the small intestine?
Answer
(D)
Pancreatic juice
49
What processes occur during digestion in the stomach?
Answer
A
B
50
Which of the following is a good source of protein?
Answer
(C)
Lentils