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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Human Influences On Ecosystems (Section 9)

1
What is a potential effect of the warming climate on agriculture?
Answer
(B)
Reduced water availability in some regions
2
What is the role of the ozone layer?
Answer
(B)
To filter out most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
3
What is the main goal of habitat restoration?
Answer
(C)
To return a degraded habitat to a more natural state.
4
What is the meaning of the term 'eutrophication'?
Answer
(B)
Reduced oxygen concentration
5
What are some ways to help reduce pollution?
Answer
A
B
C
6
Which human activity has the most significant impact on the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?
Answer
A
B
C
D
7
What are some of the benefits of maintaining genetic diversity within a population?
Answer
(C)
It increases the chances of the population's survival in changing conditions.
8
Which action is an example of sustainable timber production?
Answer
(C)
Planting new trees as existing ones are removed.
9
What are the challenges of using renewable energy sources?
Answer
(B)
Intermittency of some sources
10
Which of the following are factors that contribute to species endangerment?
Answer
A
B
C
D
11
What is artificial insemination (AI) used for in the context of captive breeding?
Answer
(B)
To overcome difficulties in natural mating.
12
What is the significance of genetic variation within a species?
Answer
(C)
It provides the raw material for evolution and adaptation.
13
What is 'overexploitation'?
Answer
(B)
The use of resources at a rate that exceeds their ability to replenish.
14
What is the cause of a rise in ocean acidity?
Answer
(B)
Increased levels of carbon dioxide
15
What are some of the ways humans cause harm to ecosystems?
Answer
A
B
C
16
What is the function of a catalytic converter in a car?
Answer
(C)
To reduce emissions of harmful pollutants.
17
What are the potential benefits of reforesting an area?
Answer
A
B
C
18
Which of the following are examples of air pollutants?
Answer
A
B
C
D
19
What is a potential impact of introducing non-native species to an ecosystem?
Answer
(C)
Competition with native species.
20
What is the role of decomposers in the environment?
Answer
(C)
To break down dead organic matter.
21
What is the purpose of a wildlife corridor?
Answer
(B)
To connect fragmented habitats.
22
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a sustainable resource?
Answer
(C)
It is renewed as fast as, or faster than, it is used.
23
Which of the following is a consequence of water pollution?
Answer
A
B
24
What role do consumer awareness campaigns play in sustainable resource management?
Answer
(B)
They inform consumers about sustainable products and practices.
25
Which human activity is most directly linked to the process of desertification?
Answer
(B)
Overgrazing and deforestation
26
Which gas does not contribute to the greenhouse effect?
Answer
(B)
Oxygen
27
Which of the following is a result of using too much fertilizer?
Answer
(A)
Eutrophication
28
Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation?
Answer
A
B
29
What is the main driver behind habitat destruction?
Answer
(C)
Increased human population and associated activities
30
Which of the following is a consequence of climate change?
Answer
A
B
C
31
What is a potential consequence of widespread deforestation?
Answer
(D)
Increased flooding
32
What is the definition of the term 'extinction'?
Answer
(B)
A species that is no longer alive anywhere on Earth.
33
What are some of the services that ecosystems provide?
Answer
A
B
C
34
What are some of the benefits of seed banks?
Answer
A
B
C
35
What are some of the causes of habitat destruction?
Answer
A
B
C
D
36
What is the main goal of a reintroduction program?
Answer
(B)
To re-introduce species to their home environment.
37
What is the purpose of establishing marine protected areas?
Answer
(C)
To conserve marine biodiversity.
38
What type of pollution is primarily associated with the runoff of fertilizers from agricultural land?
Answer
(A)
Water pollution
39
What is the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
Answer
(C)
Burning of fossil fuels
40
Which of the following is NOT a cause of species becoming endangered?
Answer
(D)
Increased genetic diversity
41
What is the primary goal of 'controlled burns' in forest management?
Answer
(B)
To reduce the risk of wildfires and improve habitat quality.
42
What is the most effective approach to managing a sustainable fishery?
Answer
(B)
Setting catch limits based on scientific assessments of fish populations.
43
How does pollution affect ecosystems?
Answer
A
B
C
44
What are the major sources of methane, a greenhouse gas?
Answer
A
B
C
45
Which is an example of a non-point source of pollution?
Answer
(C)
Agricultural runoff
46
Which of the following is an example of a sustainable practice in forestry?
Answer
(C)
Selective logging and reforestation.
47
What are some of the potential threats to the survival of seed banks?
Answer
A
B
C
48
Which of the following are examples of sustainable practices?
Answer
A
B
C
49
What is a potential consequence of climate change?
Answer
(C)
Changes in agricultural regions
50
Which of the following is a consequence of habitat fragmentation?
Answer
(C)
Reduced genetic diversity within populations