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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Human Influences On Ecosystems (Section 10)

1
Which of the following is a benefit of crop rotation in agriculture?
Answer
(B)
Reduced soil erosion.
2
What is the role of 'community-based conservation'?
Answer
(B)
To involve local communities in the management and protection of natural resources.
3
What is the relationship between increased CO2 in the atmosphere and ocean acidification?
Answer
(C)
Increased CO2 makes the ocean more acidic.
4
Which activities can lead to the extinction of species?
Answer
A
B
C
5
Which of the following practices helps conserve soil?
Answer
A
C
6
Which organization is involved with regulating the trade of endangered species?
Answer
(B)
CITES
7
Which of the following is an example of 'ex-situ' conservation?
Answer
(C)
Maintaining a captive breeding program in a zoo.
8
What does the term 'reforestation' mean?
Answer
(B)
The planting of trees in an area that previously had a forest.
9
What does the term 'biodegradable' mean?
Answer
(A)
Able to be broken down by living organisms.
10
What is the primary goal of habitat restoration projects?
Answer
(B)
To return a degraded habitat to its original or a more natural state.
11
Which is an example of sustainable agriculture?
Answer
(C)
Practicing crop rotation
12
What is the definition of a 'sustainable yield'?
Answer
(B)
Harvesting resources at a rate that does not deplete the resource.
13
What does the term 'acid rain' refer to?
Answer
(C)
Rain that is contaminated with acid-forming pollutants.
14
What is a major threat to biodiversity?
Answer
(B)
Human activities.
15
What is the role of a scrubber in pollution control?
Answer
(B)
To remove pollutants from industrial exhaust
16
What steps can be taken to improve soil health?
Answer
A
B
C
17
What is a likely environmental problem caused by heavy metal contamination of soil?
Answer
(C)
Bioaccumulation in organisms.
18
What does the term 'biodiversity' refer to?
Answer
(A)
The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
19
What is a major threat to the survival of species in the wild?
Answer
(B)
Pollution of the environment.
20
Which factor contributes to the greenhouse effect?
Answer
(D)
Greenhouse gasses
21
What is a major environmental concern associated with the use of pesticides in agriculture?
Answer
(C)
Harm to non-target organisms
22
What is a major environmental problem associated with landfills?
Answer
(A)
Release of methane gas
23
What are the negative impacts of using pesticides?
Answer
A
B
24
Which human activity can contribute to ocean acidification?
Answer
(B)
The burning of fossil fuels
25
Which of the following is an effect of air pollution?
Answer
A
B
C
26
What is the environmental impact of excessive fertilizer use?
Answer
(B)
Eutrophication of water bodies.
27
Which of the following is most directly responsible for the thinning of the ozone layer?
Answer
(B)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
28
What is the impact of burning fossil fuels on the environment?
Answer
A
B
29
What is the main cause of smog?
Answer
(B)
Air pollution
30
What is the main cause of ozone depletion?
Answer
(B)
Use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
31
What is a key benefit of using 'integrated pest management (IPM)' in agriculture?
Answer
(C)
It aims to minimize pesticide use while controlling pests.
32
How can education play a role in conservation?
Answer
(C)
By increasing awareness and understanding of environmental problems.
33
Which of the following is a practice that promotes soil conservation?
Answer
(C)
Terracing
34
What is a characteristic of organic farming?
Answer
(C)
Focus on sustainability and soil health.
35
What is the key difference between point-source and non-point source pollution?
Answer
(A)
Point-source comes from a specific location; non-point source comes from a larger area.
36
What is the main goal of composting?
Answer
(A)
To reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills.
37
Which of the following is an effect of land pollution?
Answer
(B)
Contamination of the water supply.
38
What are the results of climate change?
Answer
A
B
C
39
Which type of pollution can be reduced by using cleaner sources of energy?
Answer
(C)
Air pollution.
40
What is the primary impact of climate change on ecosystems?
Answer
(B)
Shifting species distributions and increased extinction risk.
41
What are some of the challenges associated with captive breeding programs?
Answer
A
B
C
D
42
Which of the following is a common method used to reduce air pollution from industrial sources?
Answer
(B)
Using filters and scrubbers to remove pollutants.
43
Which of the following is a major source of plastic pollution in the ocean?
Answer
(C)
Improperly discarded waste
44
Which practices contribute to water conservation?
Answer
A
B
C
45
Which of these actions would help reduce the amount of water pollution from agriculture?
Answer
(C)
Using less pesticides.
46
What is one of the primary effects of ocean acidification?
Answer
(B)
Damage to coral reefs and marine organisms.
47
What is the primary purpose of establishing protected areas such as national parks?
Answer
(C)
To conserve biodiversity and ecosystems.
48
Which of the following is a result of the burning of fossil fuels?
Answer
(C)
Increased levels of greenhouse gases and air pollution.
49
What is the effect of climate change on biodiversity?
Answer
(B)
It can cause species to migrate or go extinct.
50
What are the main chemicals in acid rain?
Answer
(A)
Sulfuric acid and nitric acid.