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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Diseases And Immunity (Section 2)

1
Which of the following is a key factor in controlling the spread of disease?
Answer
(C)
Adequate sewage treatment
2
Which of the following is NOT a form of disease transmission?
Answer
(D)
Through the soil
3
What type of immunity is acquired through vaccination?
Answer
(C)
Active immunity
4
Which is a method of preventing the spread of disease?
Answer
A
B
C
5
What is an example of a mechanical barrier against pathogens?
Answer
(B)
Skin
6
Which actions contribute to preventing the spread of disease?
Answer
A
B
D
7
What is the term for an organism that causes disease?
Answer
(C)
Pathogen
8
What is the best way to protect yourself from diseases spread through contaminated food and water?
Answer
(C)
Ensure food is properly cooked and water is purified.
9
Which of the following is a characteristic of a virus?
Answer
(D)
They must invade a host cell to replicate.
10
What are the roles of B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes in the immune response?
Answer
(A)
B lymphocytes: produce antibodies; T lymphocytes: directly attack infected cells.
11
What does proper food disposal help to prevent?
Answer
(A)
The spread of food-borne illnesses.
12
What are some ways to control the spread of diseases?
Answer
A
B
C
13
Which type of disease is not contagious?
Answer
(C)
Type 1 Diabetes
14
Which of the following describes passive immunity?
Answer
(B)
Temporary immunity due to receiving antibodies from an external source.
15
Which type of cells are responsible for producing a rapid response upon a second exposure to a pathogen?
Answer
(A)
Memory cells
16
What is the best definition of a communicable disease?
Answer
(C)
A disease that can be spread from person to person.
17
What are some ways to prevent the spread of cholera?
Answer
B
C
18
Which term describes a disease that can be spread from one person to another?
Answer
(C)
Contagious
19
What type of immunity is produced after a person gets a vaccine?
Answer
(C)
Active
20
Which statement best describes the role of antibodies?
Answer
(C)
They recognize and bind to antigens on pathogens.
21
Which of the following actions helps to prevent the spread of disease?
Answer
A
B
22
What are some common examples of mechanical barriers against infection?
Answer
A
C
D
23
How can handwashing help prevent the spread of diseases?
Answer
(A)
By removing pathogens from the hands.
24
Which type of immunity is gained through the injection of antibodies?
Answer
(B)
Passive immunity
25
Which of these is an example of a disease transmitted through the air?
Answer
(B)
Influenza
26
What type of cells in the body are responsible for producing antibodies?
Answer
(B)
B lymphocytes
27
What is the function of the stomach acid in the human body?
Answer
(B)
To destroy pathogens
28
What is the main purpose of hygiene and proper food preparation?
Answer
(A)
To prevent disease
29
What type of cells produce antibodies?
Answer
(B)
B lymphocytes
30
What are the main functions of the skin as a barrier against disease?
Answer
A
C
31
What are the key ways that transmission of diseases can be controlled?
Answer
A
B
C
32
Which of the following are mechanical barriers the body uses in its defense?
Answer
A
C
33
What does the term "herd immunity" refer to?
Answer
(B)
The resistance to an infection that spreads through a large population.
34
What is an example of a mechanical barrier?
Answer
(B)
Skin
35
What is the advantage of getting vaccinated?
Answer
(C)
It provides long-lasting protection against a disease.
36
What type of immunity does breastfeeding provide to a newborn?
Answer
(C)
Passive Immunity
37
How does the body recognize a pathogen?
Answer
(C)
By the antigens on the pathogen's surface.
38
What type of cells are produced by lymphocytes during an infection?
Answer
(C)
Antibodies.
39
How does the immune system respond to an infection?
Answer
(D)
It stimulates an immune response including the production of lymphocytes and antibodies.
40
Which statement describes what occurs during an infection?
Answer
(C)
The body's immune system stimulates an immune response.
41
How can you help control the spread of disease transmitted through contaminated food?
Answer
(C)
Washing your hands before preparing or eating food.
42
How can you prevent the spread of disease through sexual contact?
Answer
(C)
Avoiding unprotected sex.
43
Which of these is a method used to prevent the spread of disease?
Answer
(C)
Washing hands after using the toilet.
44
What do antibodies do?
Answer
(C)
Destroy pathogens.
45
How do the skin and mucous membranes protect the body?
Answer
(C)
By acting as physical barriers.
46
Which of these can cause a disease?
Answer
A
B
47
Which of the following is a key step in preventing the spread of disease via the air?
Answer
(B)
Covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
48
What is a disease vector?
Answer
(B)
An organism that transmits disease.
49
What are the most common ways infectious diseases are transmitted?
Answer
A
B
C
50
Which of the following is a chemical barrier against pathogens?
Answer
(D)
Tears