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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Coordination And Response (Section 8)

1
What is the process of growth in response to light called?
Answer
(A)
Phototropism
2
What is the function of the motor neurons?
Answer
(B)
To transmit impulses from the CNS to effectors
3
What is the primary role of the adrenal glands?
Answer
(B)
Producing hormones like adrenaline.
4
Which part of the eye directly senses light and generates nerve signals?
Answer
(C)
Retina
5
What are the main components of the endocrine system?
Answer
A
B
D
6
Which of the following is a characteristic of a negative feedback loop?
Answer
(B)
Helps maintain a stable internal environment.
7
What is accommodation?
Answer
(B)
The ability of the eye to focus on objects at different distances
8
Which of the following is a tropic response?
Answer
(B)
The growth of roots downwards.
9
What is the role of the skin in controlling body temperature during hot weather?
Answer
(C)
Vasodilation and sweating
10
What is a motor neuron's primary function?
Answer
(C)
To transmit signals to effectors (muscles/glands).
11
Which part of the eye is primarily responsible for focusing light onto the retina?
Answer
(A)
Cornea and lens
12
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pancreas?
Answer
(B)
Glucagon
13
Which part of the eye contains the photoreceptor cells?
Answer
(C)
Retina
14
What is the role of the pancreas in blood sugar regulation?
Answer
(B)
Releases insulin and glucagon.
15
Which of these best describes the function of a hormone?
Answer
(B)
A chemical messenger that travels in the blood
16
Which of the following is the function of the cornea?
Answer
(D)
To focus light.
17
What gland is involved in the 'fight or flight' response?
Answer
(C)
Adrenal gland
18
In a reflex arc, which structure directly receives the sensory input?
Answer
(D)
Receptor
19
Which type of feedback helps maintain homeostasis?
Answer
(B)
Negative feedback
20
Which of the following best describes homeostasis?
Answer
(B)
The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
21
What is the name of the junction between neurons?
Answer
(B)
Synapse
22
What is the role of auxin in plant growth?
Answer
(C)
It promotes cell elongation.
23
Which structure is responsible for color vision?
Answer
(B)
Cones
24
Which of the following would be considered target organs for hormones?
Answer
B
C
D
25
What does 'secretion' mean?
Answer
(B)
The process of releasing a substance from a cell.
26
What is the main function of sensory neurons?
Answer
(C)
To transmit information from sensory receptors to the CNS
27
What is the role of neurotransmitters?
Answer
(C)
To chemically transmit a signal across the synapse
28
Which type of neuron transmits impulses to the effectors?
Answer
(B)
Motor neuron
29
What type of response is exhibited by roots in response to gravity?
Answer
(A)
Positive geotropism
30
What term is used for plant growth towards a stimulus, like light or gravity?
Answer
(B)
Tropic response
31
Which structures are associated with a synapse?
Answer
A
B
C
D
32
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Answer
(B)
To speed up the transmission of nerve impulses
33
What is the function of the ciliary muscles?
Answer
(B)
To change the shape of the lens
34
Which part of the neuron insulates the axon and speeds up the transmission of the nerve impulse?
Answer
(C)
Myelin sheath
35
Which of these glands releases hormones?
Answer
(C)
Adrenal glands
36
What is the name for the involuntary actions we are typically unaware of?
Answer
(C)
Reflex Actions
37
What is the role of the sensory neurons in a reflex arc?
Answer
(B)
To detect a stimulus and transmit the impulse to the CNS.
38
What is the main purpose of the skin?
Answer
(C)
To protect the body.
39
What happens to blood vessels when the body needs to conserve heat?
Answer
(B)
They constrict.
40
What happens to the body during 'fight or flight'?
Answer
A
C
41
What type of receptors are responsible for detecting pain and temperature?
Answer
(C)
Nociceptors
42
Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus and most of the organelles?
Answer
(C)
Cell body (soma)
43
What is the role of the iris in the eye?
Answer
(B)
Controlling the amount of light entering the eye
44
During the 'fight or flight' response, which of the following actions occur?
Answer
A
B
D
45
What is the primary function of the epidermis?
Answer
(C)
Protecting the body from damage and pathogens
46
What type of receptors are responsible for detecting light?
Answer
(A)
Photoreceptors
47
What type of response is shown by a plant growing towards sunlight?
Answer
(B)
Phototropism
48
What best describes the function of insulin in the body?
Answer
(A)
To decrease blood glucose levels.
49
What is the name of the junction between two neurons where signals are transmitted?
Answer
(C)
Synapse
50
What structure does the light pass through after the cornea and before reaching the lens?
Answer
(B)
Iris and pupil