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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Coordination And Response (Section 1)

1
What is the effect of adrenaline on the heart?
Answer
(B)
Increases heart rate
2
The brainstem is responsible for:
Answer
(C)
Basic life functions
3
Which of the following does NOT play a role in maintaining a constant internal body temperature?
Answer
(C)
The kidneys
4
Which of the following best describes the function of adrenaline?
Answer
(A)
To increase blood sugar levels.
5
Which process aids in cooling the body by releasing heat from the skin through water evaporation?
Answer
B
C
6
What is the role of the nervous system in thermoregulation?
Answer
(B)
Detecting temperature changes and initiating responses
7
What does the term 'vasoconstriction' mean?
Answer
(C)
Blood vessels narrow
8
What happens to the lens when viewing a nearby object?
Answer
(B)
It becomes rounder.
9
What happens to the pupil when the surrounding light intensity is high?
Answer
(B)
It constricts
10
The structure that focuses light on the retina is:
Answer
A
B
11
In which part of the body is adrenaline produced?
Answer
(B)
The adrenal glands
12
Which of the following is an example of a negative geotropic response?
Answer
(B)
The stem of a plant growing upwards.
13
What is the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation?
Answer
(C)
It allows glucose to enter cells, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels.
14
What is the primary stimulus that initiates the fight-or-flight response?
Answer
(B)
A perceived threat or stressful situation
15
What happens to blood vessels during vasodilation?
Answer
(B)
They widen.
16
What are the gaps in the myelin sheath called?
Answer
(A)
Nodes of Ranvier
17
Which of the following is a response to cold?
Answer
A
D
18
What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Answer
(B)
Transmitting information to and from the central nervous system (CNS)
19
What structures are involved in the accommodation process?
Answer
A
B
20
What is the role of the nervous system in relation to the endocrine system?
Answer
(D)
The nervous system controls the speed of hormone release.
21
What would be the effect on plant growth if auxin were not present?
Answer
(C)
Plant growth would be stunted.
22
What is the name of the gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons where communication happens?
Answer
(C)
Synaptic cleft
23
Which of the following correctly describes what happens to the pupil in bright light?
Answer
A
C
24
Which of the following actions would occur in response to an increase in body temperature?
Answer
A
C
25
In a reflex arc, what structure directly receives the sensory input?
Answer
(A)
The spinal cord
26
What triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse?
Answer
(A)
The arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal
27
What is the function of a plant's roots?
Answer
A
B
D
28
What part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
Answer
(B)
Iris
29
Which part of the eye is a transparent structure that allows light to enter?
Answer
(A)
Cornea
30
What are the benefits of positive phototropism?
Answer
A
B
31
The brain and spinal cord make up the:
Answer
(C)
Central Nervous System
32
What would be the effect on blood glucose levels if the liver wasn't functioning?
Answer
(C)
Blood glucose levels would fluctuate more because the liver can't store or release glucose.
33
In plant tropisms, what does the term 'positive' indicate?
Answer
(C)
Growth towards a stimulus.
34
The somatic nervous system controls which type of actions?
Answer
(D)
Voluntary
35
What is the function of the retina?
Answer
(C)
To detect light and generate nerve impulses
36
How does the pupil react in dim light?
Answer
(B)
It dilates
37
Which stimulus is detected by a plant experiencing geotropism?
Answer
(B)
Gravity
38
Where does the chemical transmission of a nerve impulse occur?
Answer
(C)
At the synapse
39
What is the stimulus that results in a plant exhibiting phototropism?
Answer
(C)
Light
40
What structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain?
Answer
(B)
Corpus callosum
41
What is the purpose of sweating in thermoregulation?
Answer
(B)
To cool the body through evaporation.
42
What type of neuron carries impulses from receptors to the CNS?
Answer
(C)
Sensory neuron
43
What is the role of the hormone, glycogen, in the liver?
Answer
(B)
It helps store glucose.
44
What is the function of glial cells?
Answer
(B)
To support and protect neurons
45
What type of sensory receptor is found in the skin and responds to changes in temperature?
Answer
(A)
Thermoreceptors
46
Which of the following best describes a reflex arc?
Answer
(B)
A rapid, automatic response to a stimulus.
47
Which of the following is an example of an effector?
Answer
(C)
A muscle
48
What is a key feature of negative feedback systems?
Answer
(C)
They help maintain stability by reversing changes.
49
Which of the following is a characteristic of target cells?
Answer
(B)
They have receptors that bind to specific hormones.
50
Which of the following is an example of a tropic response?
Answer
(B)
A plant growing towards light.