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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Biotechnology And Genetic Modification (Section 1)

1
Which of the following is an advantage of using herbicide-resistant crops?
Answer
(D)
The soybeans grow faster.
2
What is one potential benefit of genetic modification in agriculture?
Answer
(C)
Increased crop yields.
3
What is the name of the enzyme used in the manufacturing of lactose-free milk?
Answer
(A)
Lactase
4
What is the primary goal when extracting fruit juice?
Answer
(D)
To obtain the juice from the fruit.
5
What is the function of a stirrer in an industrial fermenter?
Answer
(C)
To keep the contents of the fermenter mixed
6
What is the role of lipase in biological washing powders?
Answer
(A)
Breakdown fat in grease stains
7
Which of the following is an example of genetic modification?
Answer
(C)
Creating insect-resistant crops
8
What is the main purpose of genetic modification in the production of insulin?
Answer
(B)
To enable bacteria to produce human insulin.
9
What is the role of cellulase in biological washing powders?
Answer
(C)
To break down cellulose
10
What is the name of a commonly used biofuel?
Answer
(C)
Ethanol
11
Which enzyme is involved in the production of lactose-free milk?
Answer
(A)
Lactase
12
How can the ethical concerns of genetic modification be addressed?
Answer
(D)
By careful scientific assessment and public discussion.
13
What is the process that is carried out by yeast?
Answer
(C)
Fermentation
14
Which enzyme is used to break down starch in biological washing powders?
Answer
(C)
Amylase
15
Which of the following is a raw material used to produce biofuels?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
16
Which of the following best describes the term 'biotechnology'?
Answer
(A)
The use of living organisms to make products or carry out processes.
17
What is the role of oxygen in the industrial production of alcohol?
Answer
(B)
It is not required in the industrial production of alcohol.
18
What is a common method for creating an insect-resistant crop?
Answer
(A)
Introducing a gene that produces a toxin to insects.
19
Which of the following is not a genetically modified food?
Answer
(C)
Non GMO tomatoes
20
In the context of bread-making, what is the role of carbon dioxide?
Answer
(B)
To make the bread rise.
21
Which of the following is NOT a key part of an industrial fermenter?
Answer
(D)
A centrifuge
22
What is the purpose of genetically modifying crops?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
23
What is a benefit of using bacteria in biotechnology?
Answer
(B)
They can produce complex molecules.
24
Which of the following is essential for industrial fermentation?
Answer
(A)
Constant temperature and pH
25
Which of the following organisms is commonly used in the production of ethanol?
Answer
(B)
Yeast
26
What type of environment is ideal for the reproduction of microorganisms?
Answer
(C)
Optimum conditions
27
Which of the following is a component found in industrial fermenters?
Answer
(A)
An air supply
28
What is the primary role of enzymes in biological washing powders?
Answer
(A)
To break down stains on fabrics
29
Which of the following best describes a plasmid?
Answer
(B)
A ring of DNA in bacteria
30
What process produces alcohol?
Answer
(C)
fermentation
31
What is a common application of genetic modification in crop plants?
Answer
(B)
To increase the yield.
32
What is the role of yeast in bread making?
Answer
(B)
To convert sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide.
33
Why is ethanol a good alternative fuel?
Answer
(B)
It has a high energy content and burns cleanly.
34
What is the process where yeast helps to create bread?
Answer
(C)
Fermentation
35
What is the main function of a 'stirrer' in a fermenter?
Answer
(C)
To keep the mixture consistent
36
What is the role of fermentation in bread-making?
Answer
(B)
To produce carbon dioxide, making the bread rise.
37
Which of the following compounds are used to make biofuels?
Answer
(C)
Sugar cane
38
Which compound is produced by fermentation?
Answer
(C)
Ethanol
39
What is a common method for the use of microorganisms in waste management?
Answer
(A)
Anaerobic Digestion
40
What is the function of the enzyme lactase?
Answer
(A)
To break down lactose into simple sugars
41
What is a potential environmental advantage of herbicide-resistant crops?
Answer
(A)
Requires less herbicides.
42
Which of the following is a use of biotechnology?
Answer
(A)
Producing herbicide-resistant crops.
43
What is the purpose of the fermentation process in the production of bread?
Answer
(C)
To make the bread rise
44
What is the source of ethanol in biofuel production?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
45
What do enzymes do?
Answer
(A)
They speed up reactions
46
What does the fermentation process provide for baking bread?
Answer
(A)
Carbon Dioxide
47
What is the role of microorganisms in the production of biofuels?
Answer
(D)
Both a and b.
48
Which of the following is a product of industrial fermentation?
Answer
(A)
Penicillin
49
What is a concern about genetically modified crops?
Answer
(C)
They could potentially reduce biodiversity.
50
Which of the following are applications of biotechnology?
Answer
A
B
C
D