Physics for IGCSE & O level - Thermal Effects (Section 1)
1
Which type of surface is the best at reflecting thermal radiation and therefore appears cooler?
პასუხი
(C)
Shiny
2
Which state of matter has a fixed shape?
პასუხი
(A)
Solid
3
Which state of matter contains particles with the most kinetic energy?
პასუხი
(C)
Gas
4
Which type of wave does the sun emit that we can feel as heat?
პასუხი
(B)
Infrared waves
5
What causes the cooling effect experienced during evaporation?
პასუხი
(A)
The faster particles escape from the liquid.
6
What happens to the volume of a gas when heated at a constant pressure?
პასუხი
(A)
The volume increases.
7
What is a result of the convection of a hot water system?
პასუხი
(C)
Cool water sinks and warm water rises
8
What happens to the particles of a solid when it is heated?
პასუხი
(C)
They vibrate faster
9
What happens to the temperature during a change of state?
პასუხი
(C)
The temperature remains constant
10
What is the term used to describe the change in state from a liquid to a gas?
პასუხი
(C)
Vaporization
11
Why does a solid have a definite shape and volume?
პასუხი
(D)
All of the above.
12
What happens to most substances when they are heated?
პასუხი
(B)
They expand
13
What happens to the latent heat during melting?
პასუხი
(B)
It is absorbed
14
What type of insulation is most commonly used to reduce heat loss from a house?
პასუხი
(D)
All of the above
15
During the convection in a liquid, water rises upwards as a:
პასუხი
(D)
hotter water
16
How does increasing the temperature of a gas affect the pressure, assuming the volume is constant?
პასუხი
(B)
The pressure increases.
17
What is the name of the unit that measures the temperature?
პასუხი
(C)
Celsius
18
Which color is a poor absorber of thermal radiation?
პასუხი
(B)
White
19
What does the term 'absolute zero' represent?
პასუხი
(C)
The temperature at which molecular motion stops.
20
Which statement is correct concerning the kinetic theory of matter?
პასუხი
(C)
Particles in a gas move randomly and have little to no attraction to each other.
21
What is the effect of high specific heat capacity?
პასუხი
(A)
Materials heat up and cool down slowly
22
What happens to the rate of evaporation if you increase the surface area?
პასუხი
(B)
It increases
23
What is the process of heat transfer called that occurs in direct contact?
პასუხი
(A)
Conduction
24
What does a thermocouple thermometer measure?
პასუხი
(B)
The force generated between two dissimilar metals due to a temperature difference
25
Which is the formula for calculating energy transfer?
პასუხი
(B)
Energy Transferred = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change
26
What is the main difference between a solid, liquid, and gas in terms of particle arrangement and movement?
პასუხი
(C)
Solids have a fixed arrangement with limited movement, liquids have a less ordered arrangement with more movement, and gases have a very random arrangement with fast movement.
27
Which factor is responsible for increasing the rate of evaporation?
პასუხი
A
C
28
Which statement is correct about the specific latent heat of fusion?
პასუხი
(B)
Energy is absorbed when a substance melts.
29
In a convection current, why does the warmer fluid rise?
პასუხი
(A)
It is less dense.
30
How does the presence of clouds affect the Earth's temperature?
პასუხი
(B)
They decrease the temperature by reflecting radiation
31
Why does a gas exert pressure on the walls of its container?
პასუხი
(C)
Because the gas molecules are colliding with the walls.
32
Which method of heat transfer is most significant in the oceans, transferring heat from the equator towards the poles?
პასუხი
(B)
Convection
33
Which of the following is a good thermal conductor?
პასუხი
(C)
Metal
34
In the context of evaporation, which of the following factors reduces the rate of evaporation?
პასუხი
(C)
Increasing the humidity
35
Which of the following explains why solids have a definite shape and volume?
პასუხი
(A)
Particles are tightly packed and held together by strong forces
36
What does convection require to occur?
პასუხი
(C)
A fluid
37
Which of the following is the correct unit for measuring the rate of heat transfer?
პასუხი
(B)
Watt (W)
38
What type of surface is a poor reflector of thermal radiation?
პასუხი
(A)
Black
39
What happens to the volume of a gas if its temperature decreases while keeping pressure constant?
პასუხი
(B)
The volume decreases.
40
How does the specific heat capacity of a substance relate to its ability to store thermal energy?
პასუხი
(A)
Directly proportional: higher heat capacity, more energy stored.
41
What is the name for the heat required to change the state of a substance from liquid to gas?
პასუხი
(C)
Latent heat of vaporization
42
Which term is defined as the total internal energy of a substance?
პასუხი
(C)
Internal energy
43
What is temperature?
პასუხი
(B)
The average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
44
What is the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves called?
პასუხი
(C)
Radiation
45
What does latent heat cause during a state change?
პასუხი
(C)
Temperature to remain constant.
46
What is the main reason for using insulating materials in the construction of buildings?
პასუხი
(B)
To reduce heat transfer
47
What is the role of thermal radiation on the Earth?
პასუხი
(A)
Heating up the Earth
48
Which of these materials is typically used in a bimetallic strip?
პასუხი
(A)
Two different types of metal.
49
What is Brownian motion?
პასუხი
(D)
The random movement of particles suspended in a fluid.
50
What is the name of the phenomenon describing the random movement of particles?
