Essential Biochemistry - Water Metabolism (Section 1)
1
What percentage of total body water is typically found in the extracellular compartment?
2
In a 70 kg adult, the total body water content is:
3
Source of daily output of water is:
4
Which of the following is a sign of simple dehydration?
5
In which compartment is plasma found?
6
Which factor is most directly related to the osmotic pressure exerted by a solution?
پاسخ دهید(B)
The concentration of osmotically active particles
7
Which of the following is NOT a cause of dehydration?
8
What is the primary function of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)?
پاسخ دهید(B)
Promote sodium and water excretion
9
What is the approximate percentage of total body water in a normal adult?
10
Which of the following is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
11
What are the two main compartments of total body water?
پاسخ دهید(C)
Intracellular and extracellular
12
What is the main cation within the intracellular fluid?
13
Which of the following is the principal cation of the extracellular fluid?
14
Which of the following influences the distribution of water?
15
What type of water loss occurs through the skin and lungs?
16
Which of the following has greatest water content?
17
Which of the following is NOT a function of water?
18
Which of the following is/are a cause(s) of dehydration?
19
Which of the following are the symptoms of dehydration?
21
Which of the following has least water content?
22
What is the approximate daily water loss through insensible water loss via skin and lungs?
23
What is the primary regulator of oral water intake?
پاسخ دهید(A)
Thirst center in the hypothalamus
24
Which condition is often associated with syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)?
25
پاسخ دهید(C)
Water derived from metabolism
26
Where is the thirst center located in the brain?
27
What is the normal daily intake of water via drinking?
30
What type of dehydration occurs due to a pure water deficiency?
31
What condition results from an excess of water in the body?
پاسخ دهید(B)
Overhydration or Water Intoxication
32
Which of the following hormones affects fluid and electrolyte balance?
33
Which of the following is/are the route(s) of water output?
34
What is the primary stimulus for the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
پاسخ دهید(B)
Increase in plasma osmolality
35
Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidney?
36
What is the main extracellular fluid cation?
37
Water and electrolyte balance is regulated by, except:
38
Which of the following is correct about intracellular water (ICW)?
39
Which of the following best describes the role of aldosterone in water balance?
پاسخ دهید(B)
Promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
40
What is the primary mechanism by which water moves between compartments?
41
Which of the following is correct about intracellular water (ICW)?
42
Which of the following is a function of the kidneys in water balance?
43
The thirst center is located in the:
44
Simple dehydration is primarily due to:
45
Which of the following is involved in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?
46
Which of the following hormones inhibits the RAAS?
47
Which of the following is associated with the condition of overhydration?
48
What is insensible water loss?
پاسخ دهید(C)
Water loss through the skin and lungs
49
Distribution of water between intracellular and extracellular compartments depends on all of the following, except:
50
Which of the following is a symptom of dehydration?
پاسخ دهید(C)
Oliguria (decreased urine output)
