Which of the following is required for the activation of fatty acids before beta-oxidation?
پاسخ دهید
(C)
ATP and CoA
2
β-oxidation of fatty acids in liver:
پاسخ دهید
(C)
Occurs in the mitochondria
3
Free fatty acids are transported in plasma as a:
پاسخ دهید
(D)
Ligand bound to albumin
4
What is the main function of hormone-sensitive lipase?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
To break down triglycerides
5
Which of the following processes is/are stimulated by glucagon?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Lipolysis
6
Which of the following are involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols?
پاسخ دهید
A
B
C
7
Which process is stimulated during fasting?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Lipolysis
8
Which is the primary source of glycerol-3-phosphate used in the liver for triacylglycerol synthesis?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Glucose
9
Where does fatty acid synthesis primarily occur?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Cytoplasm
10
What apoprotein does LDL contain?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Apo B-100
11
What is the role of lipases in the body?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
To break down triglycerides.
12
Which lipoprotein is formed in the liver and transports endogenous triacylglycerols?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
VLDL
13
Which particles transport dietary fats from the intestine?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Chylomicrons
14
What is the role of lipoprotein lipase in lipid metabolism?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs
15
Which of the following processes is stimulated during a state of starvation?
پاسخ دهید
A
B
16
A 55-year-old man had elevated serum cholesterol level. He started to take simvastatin and 3 months later his cholesterol was normal. Which enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis is inhibited by simvastatin?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
HMG-CoA reductase
17
What is the primary product of triacylglycerol digestion?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Glycerol and fatty acids
18
Which of the following is an activator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Citrate
19
Which disease is characterized by the accumulation of glucocerebroside?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Gaucher disease
20
Which of the following is a characteristic of fatty acid synthase?
پاسخ دهید
B
D
21
Which of the following processes is activated by glucagon?
پاسخ دهید
(C)
Lipolysis
22
Which hormone promotes the synthesis of fatty acids?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Insulin
23
What molecule is required for carnitine shuttle to function?
پاسخ دهید
(C)
Carnitine
24
Which of the following processes would be enhanced during starvation?
پاسخ دهید
B
C
25
What are the main roles of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Transport fatty acids into the mitochondria
26
What is the role of carnitine in lipid metabolism?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Transporting fatty acids into the mitochondria
27
Where does beta-oxidation occur within the cell?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Mitochondrial matrix
28
Which of the following is NOT an end product of fatty acid oxidation?
پاسخ دهید
(D)
Glucose
29
What is the function of ceramide?
پاسخ دهید
(D)
All of the above
30
Which one is the most important preventive measure against the development of atherosclerosis?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Eat a low fat diet
31
A 32-year-old heavy smoker developed a sudden crushing chest pain. Myocardial infarction was confirmed. What are the preventive measures against the development of heart disease?
پاسخ دهید
A
B
C
D
32
What is the role of that enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
It is a rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis
33
What type of lipoprotein transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver?
پاسخ دهید
(C)
HDL
34
Which of the following compounds is produced during beta-oxidation of fatty acids?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
35
Ketosis occurs in all of the following conditions, except:
پاسخ دهید
(D)
High fat diet
36
What are the main uses of acetyl-CoA?
پاسخ دهید
A
B
C
37
Which of the following are involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation?
پاسخ دهید
A
B
C
38
Which of the following is involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis?
پاسخ دهید
A
B
D
39
What is the source of glycerol-3-phosphate for triacylglycerol synthesis in adipose tissue?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
From glycolysis (DHAP)
40
Name the enzyme that esterifies cholesterol in tissues.
پاسخ دهید
(B)
ACAT
41
Which enzyme is deficient in Gaucher's disease?
پاسخ دهید
(C)
Glucocerebrosidase
42
What is the main function of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
To carry fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation.
43
Number of β-oxidation cycles undergo a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid:
پاسخ دهید
(B)
7
44
What cofactors are essential for the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Biotin, ATP, and CO2
45
What are the end products of beta-oxidation?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Acetyl-CoA, NADH, FADH2
46
What is the function of LDL (low-density lipoprotein)?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Transport cholesterol from the liver to tissues.
47
In what cellular location does fatty acid beta-oxidation occur?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Mitochondrial matrix
48
Where does the synthesis of triacylglycerols occur?
پاسخ دهید
(A)
Liver and adipose tissue
49
Which of the following apolipoproteins is associated with LDL?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
ApoB-100
50
What is the primary function of lipoprotein lipase?
پاسخ دهید
(B)
Hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs
