Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Data Representation (Section 15)
1
What operation is equivalent to shifting a binary number three places to the right?
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(B)
Dividing by 8
2
What color does #0000FF represent in HTML?
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(C)
Blue
3
In HTML color codes, how many hexadecimal digits are used to represent each color (red, green, and blue)?
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(B)
2
4
Which is the value of the 8-bit two's complement representation of -1?
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(B)
11111111
5
How is a switch represented in a computer's binary system?
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(B)
Using the value 1 to represent the 'ON' state, and 0 for the 'OFF' state.
6
A music file is 5MB in size. How much space does it use if it is saved in the same format, and is double the duration?
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(C)
10MB
7
What is the minimum value that can be represented using a single byte?
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(A)
0
8
What does the acronym 'IP' stand for?
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(A)
Internet Protocol
9
Which factor does NOT directly affect the file size of an image?
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(D)
The camera's brand
10
What is the purpose of the MSB (Most Significant Bit) in a two's complement number?
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(B)
To indicate the sign (positive or negative) of the number.
11
What operation does a logical right shift perform on a binary number?
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(B)
Division by a power of 2.
12
Which of the following is a key advantage of Unicode over ASCII?
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(C)
It supports a much wider range of characters.
13
How is the concept of 'carry' relevant in the context of binary addition?
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(B)
It represents the overflow to the next bit position.
14
Which of the following accurately describes how HTML uses hexadecimal values for color?
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(A)
By using a 6-digit code where the digits determine the red, green and blue components.
15
What is the primary purpose of Unicode?
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(B)
To provide a more comprehensive character encoding standard.
16
What is the advantage of using hexadecimal in computer science?
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A
D
17
What are the potential benefits of applying data compression?
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A
B
18
What is the effect on an image's file size if you double both its width and height (and maintain the same color depth)?
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(D)
The file size is quadrupled.
19
What is the effect of increasing the color depth of a bitmap image?
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(B)
The image quality increases, and the file size increases.
20
What type of data is best compressed using Run Length Encoding (RLE)?
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(C)
A text file with repeating characters.
21
In the context of image file compression, what does the term 'color depth' refer to?
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(A)
The number of colors the image can display.
22
In digital audio, what does the term 'sampling' refer to?
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(B)
The measurement of the amplitude of a sound wave at regular time intervals.
23
Which statement is true concerning a higher sample rate?
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(A)
A higher sample rate will create larger file sizes, while potentially providing higher quality audio.
24
If an image is compressed using a lossy compression algorithm, what will happen?
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A
B
C
25
How many possible colors can be displayed using a 24-bit color system (RGB) ?
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(C)
16777216
26
Which image file format frequently utilizes lossy compression?
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(D)
JPEG
27
What type of values can be represented using a hexadecimal number?
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(D)
Colors and other data
28
What is the primary advantage of using Lossy compression?
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(B)
It creates smaller file sizes, making them easier to share.
29
What is the name given to half a byte of memory?
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(D)
A nibble
30
What is an advantage of representing data using hexadecimal notation compared to using decimal notation?
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(B)
It directly relates to binary, making it easier to convert.
31
How many different digits does the hexadecimal number system use?
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(D)
16
32
A photograph is taken using a digital camera. If the number of pixels is doubled in both horizontal and vertical directions, how does the file size change (assuming the color depth remains the same)?
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(C)
The file size quadruples.
33
What does the acronym 'RLE' stand for in the context of data compression?
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(B)
Run Length Encoding
34
Which compression technique is most suitable for compressing text files?
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(D)
Run-length encoding
35
Which statement is true about binary addition?
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(A)
1 + 1 = 10 (with a carry of 1)
36
What is the two's complement representation of the decimal number -4 using 4 bits?
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(D)
0100
37
What is the result of the binary subtraction: 1111 - 0011?
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(A)
1100
38
What does a left bit shift do to the binary number?
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(B)
Multiplies it by two
39
Which of the following is the result of applying two's complement to the binary number 01100101?
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(B)
10011011
40
What is the key characteristic of lossy compression?
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(A)
It discards some of the original data.
41
What does the term 'carry' mean in binary addition?
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(B)
To add 1 to the next most significant bit.
42
What is the role of a 'flag' in Run Length Encoding?
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(B)
To indicate that RLE compression is being used.
43
What is the result of the two's complement conversion of -7 using 4 bits?
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(D)
1000
44
What is the purpose of two's complement?
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(B)
To represent negative integers in binary.
45
What is the decimal value of the 8-bit two's complement number 11111110?
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(A)
-2
46
What does a higher bit depth in an audio recording generally provide?
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(C)
A greater dynamic range.
47
If a sound wave is sampled more frequently (higher sampling rate), what is the effect?
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A
C
48
What range of decimal numbers can an 8-bit unsigned integer represent?
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(B)
0 to 255
49
What are the consequences of reducing the sample rate of an audio file?
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A
B
50
What is a potential downside to a higher resolution in an image or video?
