Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Data Representation (Section 13)

1
If a camera takes a picture with a resolution of 1024x1024 pixels and a color depth of 24 bits, how many bytes of memory would the uncompressed image file require?
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(C)
3072 KB
2
In Run Length Encoding, what does 'W6B8' represent, assuming 'W' and 'B' are characters?
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(A)
Six whites and eight blacks in sequence.
3
What is the maximum value representable by a 4-bit unsigned integer?
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(C)
15
4
In a two's complement system, the most significant bit (MSB) indicates:
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(B)
The sign of the number.
5
What is the primary goal of representing sound digitally?
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(B)
To allow computers to process and store sound.
6
How can image resolution be defined in terms of pixels?
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(A)
The total number of pixels in an image
7
Which compression technique is typically used for images and videos where some loss of data is acceptable?
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(C)
Lossy compression
8
Which of the following is an example of a lossless compression algorithm?
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(C)
Run-length encoding (RLE)
9
What is the significance of 64-bit and 32-bit architectures in terms of the number of bits that the CPU can process at once?
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(B)
64-bit processes 64 bits at once; 32-bit processes 32 bits.
10
What does 'lossy compression' mean?
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(B)
Some of the data in the original file is discarded to reduce file size.
11
In the context of memory storage, what does the term 'byte' represent?
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(B)
8 bits
12
What is a significant disadvantage of lossy compression methods?
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(B)
The original data cannot be fully recovered.
13
What do file compression techniques seek to achieve?
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A
C
14
In the context of audio, which of the following has the most effect on the file size?
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(C)
Sampling rate
15
Convert -12 to an 8-bit two's complement binary number.
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(A)
11110100
16
What effect does shifting a binary number to the left have on its value?
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(B)
It multiplies the number by 2 for each position shifted.
17
What is the binary value represented by the hexadecimal digit 'C'?
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(C)
1100
18
How many different combinations can a pixel have if represented by 4 bits?
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(C)
16
19
In ASCII, what is used to represent numbers, letters, and characters?
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(A)
Binary codes
20
What term is used to describe the number of times an audio signal is measured per second?
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(C)
Sampling rate
21
Which of the following compression methods would be BEST for compressing text documents?
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(D)
Run-length encoding
22
What is the main characteristic used to describe sound waves?
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(C)
Amplitude
23
In two's complement, what is the range of values that can be represented using 8 bits?
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(B)
-128 to 127
24
Which color will the HTML code #00FF00 represent?
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(B)
Green
25
In the context of HTML, what do the hexadecimal values represent?
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(C)
Color
26
What is the hexadecimal representation of the binary number 1010?
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(A)
A
27
How is the sign of a number indicated in two's complement representation?
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(D)
By the sign bit (most significant bit).
28
What is the binary equivalent of the hexadecimal number 2A?
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(B)
10101010
29
What is the decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number 'A'?
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(B)
10
30
If an image's resolution is increased, while keeping its color depth constant, what is the effect on the file size?
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(C)
The file size will increase.
31
What does the frequency of a sound wave determine?
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(B)
The pitch of the sound
32
In an 8-bit register, what is the range of numbers that can be represented using the two's complement format?
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(B)
-128 to 127
33
When would you use a lossy compression method?
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A
B
34
If you shift the binary number 11000010 two places to the left, what is the result?
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(D)
11001000
35
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sound waves?
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(D)
Color
36
Which statement best describes the relationship between sample rate and audio quality?
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(C)
A higher sample rate potentially results in a higher quality.
37
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 1101?
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(C)
13
38
In the context of data storage, what is the meaning of 'bit depth'?
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(A)
The number of bits per pixel.
39
Which of the following statements regarding lossless compression is correct?
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(C)
Lossless compression can restore the original data completely.
40
What is the result of adding the two binary numbers: 1101 + 0110 ?
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(B)
10010
41
What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 7?
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(C)
111
42
In two's complement, to represent the negative of a number, you do the following.
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(B)
Invert the bits and add one.
43
Which statement correctly describes the relationship between a binary number and its equivalent decimal value?
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(B)
Each bit position in a binary number represents a power of 2.
44
What is the function of a MAC address?
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(B)
To uniquely identify devices on a network
45
What is the largest integer that can be represented with 16 bits?
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(B)
65535
46
If you are compressing a text file using RLE and encounter the string "AAAAABBBCC", how would the string likely be represented after compression?
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(D)
A5B3C2
47
What does the term 'amplitude' represent in a sound wave?
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(B)
The loudness of the sound.
48
Which compression technique results in the most significant file size reduction?
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(C)
Lossy compression
49
If a sound recording has a higher sampling rate, what is its most likely effect on file size and quality?
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(D)
Larger file size, higher quality.
50
How are the remainders used when converting a decimal number into a binary number?
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(B)
They are used to create the binary number by reading them in reverse order.