Essential Biochemistry - Neurotransmitters (Section 1)

1
The principal catecholamines are:
Answer
A
B
C
2
The main function of the neuron's axon is:
Answer
(C)
To transmit impulses away from the cell body.
3
GABA contributes to which of the following:
Answer
A
B
C
4
Which neurotransmitter is associated with sleep-wake cycles?
Answer
(C)
Histamine
5
What are the principal catecholamines?
Answer
A
B
C
6
What is the most common method of removing neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft?
Answer
(B)
Reuptake
7
Which of the following is produced in the liver from phenylalanine?
Answer
(C)
Tyrosine
8
Which of the following neurotransmitters is a catecholamine?
Answer
(D)
Dopamine
9
Inhibitory effects, by contrast, are exerted upon:
Answer
(C)
Smooth muscle cells in the wall of the gut
10
Which neurotransmitter is mainly found in the hypothalamus?
Answer
(B)
Histamine
11
In the synthesis of GABA, what is the precursor?
Answer
(A)
Glutamate
12
Where are neurotransmitters synthesized?
Answer
(B)
At the nerve ending
13
What is the precursor molecule for the synthesis of serotonin?
Answer
(B)
Tryptophan
14
Which ion's influx causes local depolarization in the postsynaptic membrane?
Answer
(B)
Na+
15
Where are synaptic vesicles located?
Answer
(C)
In the presynaptic bouton or knob
16
Excitatory neurotransmitters cause:
Answer
(B)
Local Depolarization
17
Which of the following are classified as catecholamines?
Answer
A
B
D
18
Which of the following is the first chemical neurotransmitter identified?
Answer
(C)
Acetylcholine
19
The most common process of removal of neurotransmitters after they serve their function is:
Answer
(B)
High affinity reuptake mechanism
20
What is the result of the binding of GABA to receptors?
Answer
(B)
Creation of hyperpolarization
21
Which of the following are types of acetylcholine receptors?
Answer
B
C
22
The synapse is:
Answer
(B)
A site of contact between neurons
23
Which of the following statements is correct about the degradation of neurotransmitters?
Answer
(B)
It is necessary to limit the duration of stimulation or inhibition of the postsynaptic membrane.
24
What is the precursor molecule for epinephrine?
Answer
(A)
Tyrosine
25
Which enzyme degrades acetylcholine?
Answer
(B)
Acetylcholinesterase
26
Which condition is NOT related to catecholamine effects?
Answer
(D)
Slows the rate of metabolism
27
What conditions can damage neurotransmitters?
Answer
(A)
Parkinson's disease
28
What process is involved in the degradation of serotonin?
Answer
(A)
Oxidation
29
What process happens during the repolarization of the muscle membrane in the mechanism of action of acetylcholine?
Answer
(C)
A influx of K+ ions
30
Which of the following neurotransmitters is primarily associated with the reward system?
Answer
(B)
Dopamine
31
Which of the following is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
Answer
(B)
GABA
32
Neurotransmitter serotonin is derived from:
Answer
(A)
Tryptophan
33
Which of the following statements is correct about the role of dopamine?
Answer
(C)
It controls voluntary movement.
34
Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter?
Answer
(C)
Acetylcholine
35
What process is involved in the synthesis of serotonin?
Answer
(B)
Tryptophan hydroxylation
36
What is a 'bouton' or 'presynaptic knob'?
Answer
(B)
The end of a neuron process
37
What is the role of the postsynaptic membrane?
Answer
(B)
To receive neurotransmitters.
38
What are some of the inhibitory effects of catecholamines?
Answer
C
D
39
Which of the following is NOT a function of Serotonin?
Answer
(D)
Muscle Relaxation
40
What is the role of the synaptic cleft?
Answer
(C)
To provide space for neurotransmitter release
41
What is the name of the space that separates one neuron from another?
Answer
(B)
Synaptic cleft
42
After action, catecholamines:
Answer
(B)
Dissociate from receptors quickly, causing the duration of the biological response to be brief.
43
Which of the following is NOT a part of a typical synapse?
Answer
(D)
Axon hillock
44
Which enzyme degrades acetylcholine?
Answer
(B)
Acetylcholinesterase
45
The processes extending from the cell body are:
Answer
(A)
Axons and Dendrites
46
Acetylcholine is synthesized in the neuronal cytoplasm from:
Answer
(A)
Choline and Acetyl-CoA
47
Which of the following is not a neurotransmitter?
Answer
(D)
Serine
48
Where is histamine mainly found?
Answer
(A)
Hypothalamus
49
Which of the following is a function of GABA?
Answer
A
B
D
50
A synapse is a site of:
Answer
(B)
Nerve Impulse Transmission