Essential Biochemistry - Genetic Engineering (Section 2)

• 1

  Which of the following is not an application of genetic engineering?

  Απάντηση

  (D)

  Development of new antibiotics
• 2

  What is the role of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  Joining DNA fragments together.
• 3

  What is the purpose of a selectable marker in a cloning vector?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  To allow for the identification of cells that have taken up the vector.
• 4

  What is the key advantage of using plasmids as cloning vectors?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  They are small and easy to manipulate.
• 5

  Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique for

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  Amplification of DNA in vitro
• 6

  Which of the following techniques is used to amplify DNA fragments?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  PCR
• 7

  What is the purpose of the extension step in PCR?

  Απάντηση

  (C)

  To synthesize new DNA strands.
• 8

  Which of the following is NOT a common use of PCR?

  Απάντηση

  (C)

  Genetically modifying an organism
• 9

  What is the role of a selectable marker in a cloning vector?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  To allow for the identification of cells that have taken up the vector.
• 10

  What is the function of a promoter in a cloning vector?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  To signal the start of transcription.
• 11

  What is the name of the process where foreign DNA is introduced into a bacterial cell?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  Transformation
• 12

  What is the primary difference between a genomic DNA library and a cDNA library?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  Genomic libraries contain all DNA sequences, while cDNA libraries contain only coding sequences.
• 13

  Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cloning vector?

  Απάντηση

  (D)

  mRNA template
• 14

  Which one of the following enzyme is required for PCR?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  Taq polymerase
• 15

  What is the role of ligase in recombinant DNA technology?

  Απάντηση

  (C)

  To join DNA fragments.
• 16

  Which of the following is not a step in recombinant DNA technology?

  Απάντηση

  (D)

  Hybridization of the gene of interest with mRNA
• 17

  What is the function of a probe in Southern blotting?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  To identify a specific DNA sequence
• 18

  Which of the following are key components in the process of creating recombinant DNA?

  Απάντηση

  A

  B

  C
• 19

  What type of analysis is used to detect the presence of specific DNA sequences in a sample?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  Southern blotting
• 20

  In genetic engineering, which of the following enzymes is used to join DNA fragments?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  DNA ligase
• 21

  The main purpose of using a cloning vector is to:

  Απάντηση

  (D)

  All of the above.
• 22

  In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments move toward which electrode?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  The positive electrode
• 23

  What is the principle behind the use of RFLP analysis?

  Απάντηση

  (A)

  Differences in DNA sequence can lead to variations in the size of DNA fragments after digestion with restriction enzymes.
• 24

  Which of the following is an example of a commonly used restriction enzyme?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  EcoRI
• 25

  Which of the following is used to cut DNA at specific locations?

  Απάντηση

  (C)

  Restriction enzyme
• 26

  Which technique is used to analyze RNA molecules?

  Απάντηση

  (B)

  Northern blotting
• 27

  Restriction endonuclease has the following characteristics, except:

  Απάντηση

  (D)

  Cut DNA randomly
• 28

  What does cDNA stand for?

  Απάντηση

  (C)

  Complementary DNA
• 29

  Most commonly used cloning vectors are

  Απάντηση

  (D)

  All of the above
• 30

  What is the role of a vector in recombinant DNA technology?

  Απάντηση

  A

  C