Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 27)
1
In the context of embedded systems in a car, which of the following functions is NOT typically handled by an embedded system?
Απάντηση
(D)
Providing weather updates via satellite communication
2
What does the MAC address uniquely identify?
Απάντηση
(D)
A network interface.
3
What is a common use of coaxial cable?
Απάντηση
(B)
Connecting to the internet via cable modem
4
Which of the following is NOT a key component of a typical laser printer?
Απάντηση
(B)
Ink cartridge
5
Which steps are involved when producing sound from digital data through a loudspeaker?
Απάντηση
A
B
D
6
What is the function of the red light-emitting diode (LED) in an optical mouse?
Απάντηση
(B)
To illuminate the surface.
7
What is the main advantage of using flash memory in SSDs compared to traditional HDDs?
Απάντηση
(A)
Lower power consumption and faster access times.
8
Which of the following describes a characteristic of a static IP address?
Απάντηση
(C)
Does not change unless manually changed.
9
What is the function of the actuator arm in an HDD?
Απάντηση
(B)
To position the read/write heads.
10
Which component is responsible for converting the signal from the cable (e.g. coaxial or fiber optic) to a signal that computers can understand?
Απάντηση
(C)
Modem
11
In the greenhouse control example, the computer receives a signal if the humidity falls below a pre-set value. What is the computer likely to do in response?
Απάντηση
(C)
Spray water to increase humidity.
12
After light passes through the lens of a digital camera, what is the next step in image creation?
Απάντηση
(B)
The light hits the image sensor.
13
Which of these are applications for sensors?
Απάντηση
A
B
C
14
In the Von Neumann architecture, what is the primary function of the Control Unit?
Απάντηση
(C)
To fetch instructions from memory and direct operations.
15
Which part of the keyboard helps to identify a character and send it to the CPU?
Απάντηση
(A)
The membrane or circuit board.
16
What type of device is used to record and output data for the vending machine?
Απάντηση
(B)
An LED display
17
When referring to a network interface, what is a MAC address primarily used for?
Απάντηση
(B)
Uniquely identifying a device on a local network.
18
In an embedded system, which of the following is NOT a typical component?
Απάντηση
(D)
A graphical user interface (GUI).
19
What is a key difference between IPv4 and IPv6 in terms of address length?
Απάντηση
(C)
IPv6 uses longer addresses.
20
What do the 3D coordinates from a 3D scanner represent?
Απάντηση
(D)
The location of a series of points.
21
Which component is primarily responsible for storing the operating system when a computer is turned off?
Απάντηση
(D)
Hard Drive
22
What does SSD stand for?
Απάντηση
(A)
Solid State Drive
23
In face recognition software, how is each face often analyzed?
Απάντηση
(B)
By comparing two digital images using face recognition software.
24
What is the primary function of a microphone diaphragm?
Απάντηση
(C)
To vibrate in response to sound waves.
25
Which component in an HDD is responsible for reading and writing data?
Απάντηση
(C)
Read/write head
26
Which of the following statements best describes the function of a router?
Απάντηση
(C)
Connects different networks and forwards data packets.
27
What is the function of a switch in a local area network (LAN)?
Απάντηση
(C)
To connect devices and forward data packets based on MAC addresses.
28
Which step in laser printing prepares the drum to receive the toner?
Απάντηση
(C)
Applying a uniform charge to the drum
29
What is a key function of a computer within a greenhouse environment control system?
Απάντηση
(C)
To monitor and adjust the greenhouse environment.
30
What is the primary advantage of solid-state drives (SSDs) over Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) in terms of performance?
Απάντηση
(C)
SSDs have significantly faster access times.
31
What are some examples of storage devices used to provide virtual memory?
Απάντηση
(B)
SSD/HDD
32
Which of the following protocols is used by DHCP to automatically assign IP addresses?
Απάντηση
(C)
DHCP
33
In the context of computer memory, what does the acronym 'MAR' stand for?
Απάντηση
(B)
Memory Address Register
34
What is meant by rotational latency in an HDD?
Απάντηση
(C)
The time it takes for the desired sector to rotate under the read/write head.
35
What kind of signals does the amplifier use to drive the loudspeaker?
Απάντηση
(B)
Analog signals
36
Which of the following storage media uses a shorter wavelength light to achieve higher storage density?
Απάντηση
(C)
Blu-ray
37
What component in a loudspeaker vibrates in response to electrical signals, creating sound waves?
Απάντηση
(C)
The cone
38
What are the key differences between SRAM and DRAM?
Απάντηση
(C)
SRAM is faster and more expensive than DRAM.
39
What is a key characteristic that distinguishes DVD-Rs from DVD+Rs?
Απάντηση
(B)
The way the data is written.
40
What happens after a sound goes to a microphone?
Απάντηση
(B)
The sound is converted to an electrical current.
41
What is the function of the print head in an inkjet printer?
Απάντηση
(B)
To spray the ink droplets onto the paper.
42
What is an advantage of embedded systems being dedicated to a specific task?
Απάντηση
(B)
They can be more energy-efficient and optimized for that task.
43
What type of memory is commonly used to store the operating system and applications when the computer is turned on?
Απάντηση
(C)
RAM
44
What are the inputs of the embedded system within the vending machine?
Απάντηση
A
B
D
45
Which device is primarily used to convert a digital signal into an analog signal in an audio system?
Απάντηση
(C)
DAC
46
Which of the following is an advantage of using an SSD over a traditional HDD?
Απάντηση
(C)
Faster data access times.
47
Which type of memory is used for the temporary storage of data and instructions that the CPU needs to access quickly?
Απάντηση
(C)
RAM
48
What is the primary difference between a hard disk drive (HDD) and a solid-state drive (SSD) regarding data storage?
Απάντηση
(C)
HDDs use magnetic platters, while SSDs use flash memory.
49
What is a significant advantage of SSDs (Solid State Drives) over HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) in terms of performance?
Απάντηση
(C)
Faster access times.
50
Which of the following best describes a static IP address?
Απάντηση
(C)
An address manually configured and does not change unless updated.
